No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
He also attended the Centenary Collegiate Institute at Hackettstown, the next year he taught at a country school, and in 1882 he matriculated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons. He served as clinical clerk on the medical staff at a women's asylum on Blackwell Island. In 1876 he was awarded a medal at the Centennial Exhibition for an herbarium of plants of Essex County, New Jersey. As Assistant at the Smithsonian Institution he made botanical explorations through Arizona and New Mexico, of interest to medical botany; and explored South America, 1885-1887, crossing the continent.
He entered service with Parke, Davis & Co., which resulted in a continuation of botanical explorations and employment with the firm as botanist and pharmacognosist. In 1884 the anesthetic properties of cocaine were discovered and he was sent to Bolivia to investigate the plant and procure supplies of the leaves; he was sent to Chile to locate the Cheken plant and secure supplies; he learned of the medicinal uses of pichi.
From 1888-1930 he was Professor of Botany, Physiology and
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