Hcna Networking Study Guide

✍ Scribed by Co, Huawei Technologies(Editor)

• Publisher: Huawei Technologies Co., Springer-Verlag New York Inc
• Year: 2016
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 358
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book is a study guide for Huawei (HCNA) certification. It has been written to help readers understand the principles of network technologies. It covers topics including network fundamentals, Ethernet, various protocols such as those used in routing, and Huawei s own VRP operating system all essential aspects of HCNA certification. Presenting routing and switching basics in depth, it is a valuable resource for information and communications technology (ICT) practitioners, university students and network technology fans.





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✦ Table of Contents

Foreword......Page 5
Organization of This Book......Page 6
Target Audience......Page 8
Important Notes......Page 9
Icons in This Book......Page 10
Huawei Certification Overview......Page 11
Authors of This Book......Page 13
Contents......Page 14
Abbreviations......Page 20
1.1.1 What Is Communication?......Page 24
1.1.4 Review Questions......Page 26
1.2 OSI Model and TCP/IP Model......Page 29
1.2.2 OSI Reference Model......Page 30
1.2.3 TCP/IP Protocol Suite......Page 34
1.2.4 Review Questions......Page 36
1.3 Network Types......Page 37
1.3.1 LAN and WAN......Page 38
1.3.2 Forms of Network Topology......Page 40
1.3.3 Review Questions......Page 41
1.4 Transmission Media and Methods of Communication......Page 42
1.4.1 Transmission Media......Page 43
1.4.2 Methods of Communication......Page 48
1.4.3 Review Questions......Page 50
2.2 VRP Command Lines......Page 51
2.2.1 Basic Concepts......Page 52
2.2.2 Using Command Lines......Page 55
2.3.1 Log into a Device Through a Console Port......Page 59
2.3.2 Log into a Device Through a MiniUSB Port......Page 62
2.4 Basic Configurations......Page 70
2.4.3 Configuring an IP Address for the Device......Page 71
2.4.4 User Interface Configurations......Page 72
2.5 Configuration File Management......Page 75
2.5.2 Saving the Current Configurations......Page 76
2.5.3 Setting the Next Startup Configuration File......Page 77
2.6 Remote Login Through Telnet......Page 78
2.7 File Management......Page 79
2.7.2 Backing up a Configuration File......Page 80
2.7.3 Transferring Files......Page 82
2.7.4 Deleting a File......Page 84
2.7.5 Setting a System Startup File......Page 85
2.8 Basic Configuration Commands......Page 86
2.9 Review Questions......Page 88
3.1.1 Computer Network Cards......Page 89
3.1.2 Switch Network Cards......Page 91
3.1.3 Review Questions......Page 93
3.2.1 MAC Addresses......Page 94
3.2.2 Ethernet Frame Formats......Page 96
3.2.3 Review Questions......Page 97
3.3.1 Three Types of Forwarding Operations......Page 98
3.3.2 Switch Operating Principle......Page 99
3.3.3 Examples of Data Forwarding on a Single Switch......Page 100
3.3.4 Examples of Data Forwarding Between Multiple Switches......Page 107
3.3.5 MAC Address Table......Page 113
3.3.6 Review Questions......Page 114
3.4 ARP......Page 115
3.4.1 Basic Principles of ARP......Page 116
3.4.2 ARP Packet Format......Page 117
3.4.3 Review Questions......Page 118
4.1 Loops......Page 120
4.2 STP Tree Generation......Page 123
4.2.1 Root Bridge Election......Page 124
4.2.2 Root Port Election......Page 125
4.2.3 Designated Port Election......Page 126
4.3 STP Packet Format......Page 128
4.3.1 Configuration BPDUs......Page 129
4.3.2 TCN BPDUs......Page 130
4.4 STP Port States......Page 131
4.5 STP Improvements......Page 134
4.6 Examples of STP Configurations......Page 135
4.7 Review Questions......Page 137
5.1 VLAN Purposes......Page 139
5.2 VLAN Scenario......Page 141
5.4 VLAN Types......Page 147
5.5 Link Types and Port Types......Page 149
5.6 VLAN Forwarding Examples......Page 151
5.7 VLAN Configuration Example......Page 154
5.8.1 Dynamic VLAN Registration Process......Page 157
5.8.2 Dynamic VLAN Deregistration Process......Page 159
5.9 GVRP Configuration Example......Page 161
5.10 Review Questions......Page 164
6 IP Basics......Page 166
6.1 Classful Addressing......Page 167
6.2 Classless Addressing......Page 170
6.3 Subnet Masks......Page 173
6.4 Special IP Addresses......Page 174
6.5 IP Forwarding......Page 176
6.6 IP Packet Format......Page 182
6.7 Review Questions......Page 184
7.1 Connectionless and Connection-Oriented Communication......Page 186
7.2 TCP......Page 188
7.2.1 TCP Session Setup......Page 189
7.2.2 TCP Session Termination......Page 190
7.2.3 TCP Segment Structure......Page 191
7.2.4 TCP Acknowledgement and Retransmission......Page 193
7.3 UDP......Page 195
7.4 Review Questions......Page 196
8.1.1 Routes and Routing Tables......Page 198
8.1.2 Routing Information Source......Page 199
8.1.3 Route Preference......Page 202
8.1.4 Route Cost......Page 203
8.1.7 Static Route Configuration Example......Page 205
8.1.8 Default Route Configuration Example......Page 207
8.1.9 Review Questions......Page 209
8.2.1 Routing Protocols......Page 210
8.2.2 Basic Principles of RIP......Page 211
8.2.3 RIP Routing Table......Page 212
8.2.4 RIP Message Format......Page 213
8.2.5 RIP-1 and RIP-2......Page 216
8.2.6 RIP Timers......Page 221
8.2.7 Routing Loops......Page 222
8.2.8 RIP Configuration Example......Page 225
8.2.9 Review Questions......Page 228
8.3.1 Basic Principles of OSPF......Page 229
8.3.2 Comparison Between OSPF and RIP......Page 230
8.3.3 OSPF Areas......Page 231
8.3.5 Link State and LSA......Page 232
8.3.6 OSPF Packet Types......Page 234
8.3.7 Single-Area OSPF Network......Page 235
8.3.9 Neighbor Relationship and Adjacency......Page 238
8.3.10 DR and BDR......Page 239
8.3.11 OSPF Configuration Example......Page 241
8.3.12 Review Questions......Page 245
9.1 Inter-VLAN Layer 3 Communication via a Multi-armed Router......Page 247
9.2 Inter-VLAN Layer 3 Communication via a One-Armed Router......Page 250
9.3 Inter-VLAN Layer 3 Communication via a Layer 3 Switch......Page 253
9.4 VLANIF Configuration Example......Page 258
9.5 Review Questions......Page 261
10.1.1 Background......Page 263
10.1.2 Basic Concepts......Page 264
10.1.3 Application Scenarios......Page 265
10.1.4 Working Principles......Page 266
10.1.6 Configuration Example......Page 275
10.2.1 Working Principles......Page 278
10.2.2 Configuration Example......Page 283
10.3.1 Working Principles......Page 286
10.3.2 Configuration Example......Page 288
10.4 Review Questions......Page 291
11.1.1 Basic Concepts and Functions......Page 293
11.1.2 Basic Operations......Page 295
11.1.3 DHCP Relay Agent......Page 298
11.1.4 DHCP Server Configuration Example......Page 300
11.1.5 DHCP Relay Agent Configuration Example......Page 303
11.2.1 Basic Concepts......Page 305
11.2.2 Static NAT......Page 307
11.2.3 Dynamic NAT......Page 309
11.2.4 NAPT......Page 310
11.2.5 Easy IP......Page 312
11.2.6 Static NAT Configuration Example......Page 313
11.3 Review Questions......Page 314
12.1.1 Basic Concepts......Page 316
12.1.2 PPP Frame Format......Page 317
12.1.3 Phases in PPP......Page 319
12.1.4 Link Establishment Phase......Page 320
12.1.5 Authentication Phase......Page 324
12.1.6 Network Layer Protocol Phase......Page 325
12.1.7 Basic PPP Configuration Examples......Page 328
12.2.1 Basic Concepts......Page 332
12.2.3 Phases in PPPoE......Page 334
12.3 Review Questions......Page 338
13.1.1 Basic Concepts in Network Management......Page 340
13.1.2 Network Management System......Page 341
13.1.3 SMI......Page 342
13.1.4 MIB......Page 343
13.1.5 SNMP......Page 345
13.2.1 Access Control List Fundamentals......Page 347
13.2.2 Basic ACL......Page 348
13.2.3 Advanced ACL......Page 349
13.2.4 Basic ACL Configuration Example......Page 351
13.3 Review Questions......Page 353
14 Appendix-Answers to Review Questions......Page 355