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HarperCollins Bible Dictionary

✍ Scribed by Paul J. Achtemeier


Publisher
HarperOne
Year
1996
Tongue
English
Leaves
1320
Edition
Rev Upd Su
Category
Library

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✦ Synopsis


The HarperCollins Bible Dictionary puts the latest and most comprehensive biblical scholarship at your fingertips. Here is everything you need to know to fully understand the Old Testament, the Apocrypha, and the New Testament. An unparalleled resource, The HarperCollins Bible Dictionary explains every aspect of the Bible, including biblical archaeology, culture, related writings such as the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Bible's influence on Western civilization, biblical history, theological concepts, modern biblical interpretations, flora nad fauna, climate and environment, crafts and industry, the content of individual books of the bible, and more.

The HarperCollins Bible Dictionary features:

  • Contributions by 193 noted experts on the Bible and the ancient Near East
  • More than 3700 entries covering the Bible from A to Z
  • Outlines for each book of the Bible
  • 590 black-and-white photographs
  • 53 color photographs
  • An updated pronunciation guide
  • 72 black-and-white maps
  • 18 color maps
  • Dozens of drawings, diagrams, and tables

✦ Table of Contents


Cover......Page 1
The Septuagint (LXX)......Page 4
The New Testament (NT)......Page 5
Timeline......Page 6
Copyright page......Page 12
Editorial Board......Page 13
Contributors......Page 14
Apocrypha......Page 23
Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Texts
......Page 24
Mishnaic and Related Literature......Page 25
Nag Hammadi Tractates......Page 26
Contributors......Page 27
Range of the Articles......Page 28
Format and Illustrations......Page 29
Preface to the Revised Edition......Page 31
Pronunciation Key......Page 32
The storming of the Lachish gate-tower......Page 33
Hill of Shemer......Page 34
Section of the wall of the Old City of Jerusalem......Page 35
Fresco paintings from the western wall of the third-century A.D. synagogue at Dura-Europos......Page 36
Part of the limestone gable of the oldest known Holy Ark (third century A.D.)......Page 37
White limestone remains of the synagogue at Capernaum, late second to fifth century A.D.......Page 38
The river Jordan just above where it empties into the Dead Sea......Page 39
Paul, as depicted in the sepulcher of the child Asellus, ca. 313. Rome......Page 40
Statues of Melchizedek, Abraham holding Isaac, Moses, Samuel, and David line the jambs of the Royal Portal at Chartres Cathedral (ca. 1145–1155)......Page 41
The so-called Marzeah Tablet......Page 42
A facsimile of a page from Codex Sinaiticus......Page 43
The Wilderness of Judea......Page 44
Terraced rows of olive trees near Antipatris along the road from Jerusalem to Caesarea......Page 45
Stained glass windows at Reims Cathedral......Page 46
Christ rises above the figures of Moses on the right, Elijah on the left, and John, Peter, and James below......Page 47
Abigail intercepts King David and persuades him not to harm her husband, Nabal......Page 48
A [1]......Page 49
A......Page 50
Abihail......Page 53
Achish......Page 58
adversary......Page 63
Ahikam......Page 68
aloes......Page 73
Amnon......Page 78
anise......Page 83
Apocrypha, Old Testament......Page 87
Apphia......Page 93
Archaeology, History, and the Bible......Page 97
Syro-Palestinian Archaeology, Beginnings to World War II......Page 98
Beginnings of Systematic Excavation......Page 100
After World War II......Page 101
Syro-Palestinian Archaeology Today......Page 102
Archaeology, History, and the Bible......Page 104
Conclusion......Page 106
archaeology, methods of......Page 107
Archelaus......Page 114
Aristarchus......Page 118
Egyptian Art......Page 122
Assyrian and Babylonian Art......Page 124
Syrian and Palestinian Art......Page 126
Arumah......Page 129
Assos......Page 133
Azariah......Page 138
B [93]......Page 141
B......Page 142
Baalah......Page 143
Balaam......Page 148
Baruch......Page 153
beasts......Page 158
beryl......Page 163
Bethuel......Page 168
Iconography......Page 172
Early Christian and Byzantine Art......Page 173
Medieval Art......Page 175
Renaissance and Baroque Art......Page 177
Religious Art in the Twentieth Century......Page 182
Bible and Western literature, the......Page 184
biblical criticism......Page 189
Bichri......Page 194
Boaz......Page 198
breastplate......Page 203
C [161]......Page 209
cab......Page 210
camel's hair......Page 213
Captivity......Page 218
Chebar......Page 223
chronology, New Testament......Page 228
Chuza......Page 233
coins......Page 238
conversion......Page 243
Corinth......Page 246
Corinthians, the First Letter of Paul to the......Page 250
Corinthians, the Second Letter of Paul to the......Page 252
creature......Page 258
cuneiform writing......Page 262
D [219]......Page 267
D......Page 268
Darda......Page 273
Path to Kingship......Page 275
Faced with Rebellion......Page 276
The Story of Davidβ€”the Zenith of Hebrew Narrative......Page 277
David, City of......Page 279
Dedication, Feast of......Page 283
Deuteronomy......Page 287
dominion......Page 293
Drusilla......Page 298
E [253]......Page 301
E......Page 302
east, the......Page 303
Ecclesiasticus......Page 308
economics in Old Testament times......Page 313
Edrei......Page 318
Ekron......Page 323
Elihu......Page 328
Elymas......Page 333
English Bible, the......Page 336
Enlil......Page 341
Ephesians......Page 342
Ephesus......Page 344
Paul in Ephesus......Page 345
ephod......Page 348
Esdraelon......Page 353
Esther, the Rest of the Book of......Page 358
everlasting life......Page 363
eye......Page 368
F [325]
......Page 373
fable......Page 374
familiar spirit......Page 378
Felix, Antonius......Page 383
fish......Page 388
food......Page 392
Fortunatus......Page 398
G [355]......Page 403
Gaal......Page 404
Galilee, Sea of......Page 408
Geber......Page 413
Gentiles, Court of the......Page 418
Ghor (gor), the......Page 423
glosses and interpolations......Page 428
gospel, Gospels......Page 433
Greek, New Testament......Page 436
H [393]......Page 441
H......Page 442
habergeon......Page 443
Hamath......Page 448
Harod......Page 453
Hebrews......Page 457
herbs......Page 463
Heth......Page 468
hireling......Page 473
Hittites......Page 478
Hophni......Page 483
Hoshea......Page 488
Hymenaeus......Page 493
I [447]......Page 495
Ibleam......Page 496
Idumaea......Page 498
instruction......Page 503
Isaiah, the Book of......Page 506
Ishmaelites......Page 513
Israel, Kingdom of......Page 518
J [475]......Page 523
J......Page 524
Jahweh......Page 528
Jehoash......Page 533
Jerash......Page 538
Jerimoth......Page 543
Topography......Page 545
Name......Page 546
History......Page 547
Archaeology......Page 553
Jerusalem as a Symbol......Page 555
Jeshaiah......Page 557
The World at Jesus' Birth......Page 558
Jesus' Life Before His Public Ministry......Page 559
The Beginning of Jesus' Public Ministry......Page 560
The Kingdom of God......Page 561
Jesus' Ethics......Page 564
How Jesus Taught......Page 567
Jesus' Actions......Page 568
Jesus' Final Days......Page 570
Jews......Page 573
Jobab......Page 578
John, the Gospel According to......Page 581
Jonadab......Page 588
Josephus......Page 593
Judah, Kingdom of......Page 598
judgment, the last......Page 603
K [561]......Page 609
kab......Page 610
key......Page 613
kingdom of heaven......Page 618
KJV......Page 623
L [577]......Page 625
L......Page 626
History......Page 627
Archaeological Excavations......Page 630
Lamech......Page 634
land......Page 638
law......Page 640
Lemuel......Page 648
libertines......Page 653
Linus......Page 658
literature, the Old Testament as......Page 662
lord......Page 668
Lotan......Page 673
Luke, the Gospel According to......Page 677
M [633]......Page 681
Maccabees......Page 682
Machaerus......Page 688
Malachi, the Book of......Page 693
maranatha......Page 698
Mark, the Gospel According to......Page 701
Masorah......Page 708
measure......Page 713
Megiddo......Page 715
Melchizedek......Page 720
Merodach-baladan......Page 723
Mica......Page 728
millennium......Page 733
mirrors......Page 738
Origins of Coinage......Page 743
Money in the OT......Page 744
Money in the NT......Page 746
money changers......Page 749
Moses......Page 752
Mount, Sermon on the......Page 758
Mesopotamian and Egyptian Music......Page 762
Hebrew Secular Music......Page 763
Hebrew Sacred Music......Page 764
Musical Instruments......Page 765
The Psalm Headings......Page 767
Music in the NT......Page 768
mustard......Page 769
N [725]......Page 773
Naamah......Page 774
Nahalal......Page 778
names of God in the New Testament......Page 782
Nash Papyrus, the......Page 788
necromancy......Page 793
Nethanel......Page 798
New Testament quotations in patristic authors......Page 802
Ninlil......Page 808
Numbers, the Book of......Page 813
O [769]......Page 817
oak......Page 818
Old Testament......Page 822
Old Testament quotations in the New Testament......Page 826
Onam......Page 833
ostraca......Page 838
P [795]......Page 843
Palestine......Page 844
Pallu......Page 850
parables......Page 852
passion......Page 858
Early Life......Page 862
Missionary Activity......Page 864
Letters......Page 868
Theology......Page 869
Paulus, Sergius......Page 871
Peleth......Page 873
Persepolis......Page 878
Peter......Page 881
pharaoh......Page 887
Philippians, the Letter of Paul to the......Page 893
Phinehas......Page 898
Pi-beseth......Page 903
plagues......Page 907
police......Page 913
The Significance of Pottery for Biblical History......Page 917
Manufacturing Techniques......Page 919
Some Distinctive Features of Palestinian Pottery......Page 921
Symbolic Use of Pottery in the Bible......Page 922
pound......Page 923
priests......Page 928
prophet......Page 932
Proverbs, the......Page 938
Pseudepigrapha......Page 942
Puah......Page 948
Q [905]......Page 953
Ra......Page 956
Rabshakeh......Page 958
raven......Page 963
redemption of land......Page 968
Rephidim......Page 973
Reuel......Page 978
riddle......Page 983
Romans, the Letter of Paul to the......Page 988
Rome......Page 992
rush......Page 998
S [953]......Page 1001
sabachthani......Page 1002
Sabbath day's journey......Page 1003
saltwort......Page 1008
Samaritans......Page 1011
Sanballat......Page 1018
satrap......Page 1023
scribe......Page 1028
The Dead Sea Scrolls......Page 1030
Languages of Palestine in the First Centuries B.C. and A.D.......Page 1031
Palestinian Judaism......Page 1032
Transmission of the OT Text......Page 1034
Palestinian Jewish Background of the NT......Page 1035
Seal of Solomon, the......Page 1038
Senaah......Page 1043
Serpent's Stone......Page 1048
Sharuhen......Page 1053
Sheleph......Page 1058
Shilonite......Page 1063
Shushan Eduth......Page 1068
Simon......Page 1073
slavery in the New Testament......Page 1078
sociology of the New Testament......Page 1081
Community Formation......Page 1082
Community Models......Page 1083
Questions Concerning the Symbolic Universe and the Social Construction of Reality......Page 1085
Indications of the Import of Sociological Methods......Page 1086
sociology of the Old Testament......Page 1088
Early Studies......Page 1089
Early Israelite Society, a Lineage-Based System......Page 1090
The Effects of the Monarchy......Page 1092
The Postexilic Period......Page 1093
Soco......Page 1094
Solomon's Seal......Page 1098
Sophia......Page 1103
speck......Page 1108
steward......Page 1113
suffering......Page 1117
sycamine......Page 1123
synagogue......Page 1127
T [1085]......Page 1133
Taanach......Page 1134
Tahpenes......Page 1138
Tell Beit Mirsim......Page 1143
The Temple......Page 1144
First Temple......Page 1145
Second Temple......Page 1150
Third Temple......Page 1151
temples......Page 1154
tent......Page 1158
The Transmission of the Hebrew Text......Page 1161
The Printed Hebrew Bible......Page 1162
The Aramaic Targums......Page 1163
The Greek Translations of the OT......Page 1164
Other Ancient MSS......Page 1165
Scrolls and Codices......Page 1166
Significant Uncial MSS......Page 1168
Ancient Papyrus MSS......Page 1170
Early Eastern Versions......Page 1171
Early Western VSS......Page 1173
The First Printings......Page 1175
The Search for a More Trustworthy Text......Page 1176
textual criticism......Page 1179
The Bultmann Synthesis......Page 1180
Alternatives to Bultmann......Page 1181
The Problems of NT Theology......Page 1182
Defining the Task of OT Theology......Page 1183
The Starting Point of Biblical Theology......Page 1184
Recent Issues in OT Theology......Page 1185
Clarification of the Dynamic Historical Character of Biblical Theology......Page 1186
theophany......Page 1188
Thomas, Gospel of......Page 1192
Tibni......Page 1198
Timothy, the First and Second Letters of Paul to, and Titus, the Letter of Paul to......Page 1202
Togarmah......Page 1208
Transportation and Trade......Page 1213
Seas......Page 1214
Land Transport......Page 1215
Goods and Services Exchanged......Page 1216
Means of Exchange......Page 1218
trades......Page 1219
tribes, the......Page 1223
Tryphaena......Page 1228
U [1183]......Page 1231
Ucal......Page 1232
Unleavened Bread, Feast of the......Page 1233
vagabond......Page 1237
Vashni......Page 1238
vow......Page 1243
wadi......Page 1244
water......Page 1248
weaving......Page 1253
Weights......Page 1254
Measuring Area......Page 1257
Measuring Capacity......Page 1258
well......Page 1259
wisdom literature......Page 1263
wonders......Page 1268
worship......Page 1270
Sacrifice......Page 1271
Donations......Page 1272
First and Second Temple Times......Page 1273
wrath......Page 1274
Writings, the......Page 1278
X [1231]......Page 1279
Y [1232]......Page 1280
Zaanannim......Page 1282
Zadok......Page 1283
Zedek Valley......Page 1288
Ziha......Page 1293
Photograph and Illustration Credits......Page 1297
A......Page 1299
D......Page 1300
H......Page 1301
M......Page 1302
S......Page 1303
Z......Page 1304
1 Physical Map of the Land of Israel and Surrounding Area in Biblical Times......Page 1305
2 The Ancient World in the Late Bronze Age......Page 1306
3 Settlement in Canaan and the Tribal Areas (ca. Mid-Eleventh Century B.C.E) – Joshua, Judges......Page 1307
4 The Empire of David and Solomon (ca. 1000–924 B.C.E.)......Page 1308
5 The Kingdoms of Israel and Judah (ca. 924–722 B.C.E.) – 1 and 2 Kings......Page 1309
6 The Assyrian Empire......Page 1310
7 Judah After the Fall of Israel (722–586 B.C.E.) – 2 Kings......Page 1311
8 Great Empires of the Sixth Century B.C.E.......Page 1312
9 Israel Under Persian Rule (After the Return from Exile) (539–332 B.C.E.) – Ezra, Nehemiah......Page 1313
10 The Empire of Alexander (323 B.C.E.)......Page 1314
11 Israel's Boundary Under the Maccabees (166 B.C.E.)......Page 1315
12 The Roman World (1 C.E.)......Page 1316
13 Judea, Samaria, and Surrounding Areas in New Testament Times (6–44 C.E.)......Page 1317
16 Jerusalem in Jesus' Time......Page 1318
17 The Eastern Mediterranean World at the Time of the New Testament (First Century C.E.)......Page 1319
18 Archaeological Sites in Israel and Jordan......Page 1320


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