Handbook of Psychology, Second Edition || ConsciousnessAuthor's Note: Bill Banks passed away before revisions to this chapter could be completed. His coauthor and volume editors dedicate this work to his memory. Bill did much to bring the scientific study of consciousness to its current state of prominence and respectability, including cofounding the journal Consciousness and Cognition and organizing the inaugural meeting of the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness. He was a cheerful and tireless catalyst for scientific progress, and he will be sorely missed.