Handbook of Psychology, Second Edition || Affective Influences on CognitionThis chapter was prepared with the support of awards to the first author from the Australian Research Council and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, and with the aid of grants to the second author from the National Institute of Mental Health and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The chapter also profited from the expert advice and assistance provided by Joseph Ciarrochi, Joanne Elliott, Dawn Macaulay, Stephanie Moylan, Patrick Vargas, and Joan Webb.