Hairy Nanoparticles: From Synthesis to Applications

✍ Scribed by Lin Z., Liu Y. (ed.)

• Publisher: WILEY-VCH
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 459
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Hairy NanoparticlesAuthoritative reference summarizing comprehensive knowledge on hairy nanoparticles, their self-assembly, interfacial behavior, and applications in catalysis, biomedicine, lubricant technology, etc.
Hairy Nanoparticles provides a comprehensive understanding of the subject, including hairy nanoparticles synthesis, self-assembly (both experiment and simulation), properties, functionalities, and applications. Rendering polymer hairs on the surface of nanoparticles enables hairy nanoparticles to carry a set of intriguing properties.
Contributed to by experts in the field and edited by two highly qualified authors,Hairy Nanoparticles includes information on.
Hairy nanoparticles via bulk microphase separation of block copolymers and self-assembly of block copolymers in solution.
Synthesis of monodisperse nanoparticles via block copolymer unimolecular micelles nanoreactors and application of polymer-capped nanoparticles.
Environmentally responsive well-defined binary mixed homopolymer brush-grafted silica particles and thermoresponsive polymer brush-grafted silica particles.
Self-assembled morphologies of well-defined binary mixed homopolymer brushes grafted on silica nanoparticles (MBNPs) and computer simulations of the self-assembled morphology of MBNPs.
Upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type thermoresponsive poly(alkyl methacrylate)s in SpectraSyn 4 PAO oil.
Providing comprehensive coverage of the subject,Hairy Nanoparticles is an essential introductory resource for scientists and engineers in the fields of chemistry, materials science and engineering, polymer science and engineering, nanobiotechnology, and biomedicine, working in both academia and industry.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Hairy Nanoparticles: From Synthesis to Applications
Copyright
Contents
Preface
1. Synthesis of Hairy Nanoparticles
1.1 Introduction to Grafting Chemistry
1.2 Surface Functionalization of Nanoparticles
1.2.1 Surface Modification by Chemical Treatment
1.2.2 Surface Modification by Plasma Treatment
1.2.3 Synthesis of Functionalized Nanoparticles Through Initiator‐Containing Precursors
1.3 Synthesis of Hairy Nanoparticles
1.3.1 Surface‐Initiated Polymerization/The “Grafting‐from” Approach
1.3.1.1 SI‐Free Radical Polymerization
1.3.1.2 SI‐ATRP
1.3.1.3 SI‐RAFT
1.3.1.4 Other Polymerization Techniques
1.3.2 The “Grafting‐onto” Approach
1.3.2.1 Conventional “Grafting‐onto” Approach
1.3.2.2 Ligand Exchange
1.3.3 Template Synthesis
1.3.3.1 Block Copolymer and Its Derivative Templates
1.3.3.2 Star/Bottlebrush Polymer Templates
1.4 The Role of “Architecture” in Hairy Nanoparticles
1.4.1 Conformation of Hairy Nanoparticles
1.4.2 Bimodal Hairy Nanoparticles
1.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
2. Hairy Nanoparticles via Self‐assembled Linear Block Copolymers
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Hairy NPs via Bulk Microphase Separation of Block Copolymers
2.2.1 Bulk Microphase Separation of Diblock Copolymers
2.2.1.1 Theoretical Research
2.2.1.2 Experimental Study
2.2.1.3 Effect Factors
2.2.2 Bulk Microphase Separation of Triblock Copolymers
2.2.3 Preparation of Hairy NPs with Different Shapes
2.2.3.1 Diblock Copolymers with PTEPM or PGMA Components
2.2.3.2 Diblock Copolymers Containing PS
2.2.3.3 Triblock Copolymer System with PS Components
2.3 Hairy NPs via the Self‐assembly of Block Copolymer in Solution
2.3.1 Morphology of Block Copolymers Assembly
2.3.1.1 Spherical Micelles
2.3.1.2 Rod‐Like Micelles
2.3.1.3 Bilayer Structure
2.3.1.4 New Morphologies
2.3.2 Preparation of Hairy Copolymer NPs
2.3.3 Major Factors Influencing the Morphology of Hairy NPs
2.3.3.1 Block Copolymer Composition
2.3.3.2 Block Copolymer Concentration
2.3.3.3 The Nature of the Solvent
2.3.3.4 Additives
2.3.3.5 Other Factors
2.4 Summary
References
3. Hairy Nanoparticles via Unimolecular Block Copolymer Nanoreactors
3.1 Background
3.2 Synthesis and Properties of Block Copolymer Unimolecular Micelles
3.2.1 Properties of Unimolecular Block Copolymer Micelles
3.2.2 Synthesis and Features of Star‐Liked Block Copolymers
3.2.2.1 Synthesis of Star‐Liked Block Copolymers via Core‐First Method
3.2.2.2 Synthesis of Star‐Liked Block Copolymers via Arm‐First Method
3.2.3 Synthesis of Bottle Brush‐Liked Block Copolymer
3.3 Synthesis of Monodispersed Nanoparticles via Block Copolymer Unimolecular Micelles Nanoreactors
3.3.1 Star‐Like Block Copolymers as Unimolecular Nanoreactors
3.3.1.1 Plain Nanoparticles
3.3.1.2 Core@Shell Nanoparticles
3.3.1.3 Hollow Nanoparticles
3.3.1.4 Nanoring
3.3.1.5 Colloidal Nanoparticles Assemblies
3.3.2 Cylindrical Polymer Brushes as Unimolecular Nanoreactors
3.4 Application of Polymer‐Capped Nanoparticles
3.4.1 Solar Energy Conversion
3.4.2 Light‐Emitting Diodes
3.4.3 Lithium‐Ion Batteries
3.4.4 Catalysis
3.5 Conclusions and Perspectives
3.5.1 Conclusion
3.5.2 Perspectives
References
4. Environmentally Responsive Hairy Inorganic Particles
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Environmentally Responsive Well‐defined Binary Mixed Homopolymer Brush‐grafted Silica Particles
4.2.1 Introduction to Mixed Polymer Brushes
4.2.2 Mixed Polymer Brushes Grafted on Particles
4.2.3 Synthesis of Well‐defined Binary Mixed Homopolymer Brushes on Silica Particles
4.2.4 Responsive Properties of Binary Mixed Homopolymer Brush‐grafted Silica Particles
4.3 Thermoresponsive Polymer Brush‐grafted Silica Particles
4.3.1 Synthesis and Thermally Induced LCST Transition of Thermoresponsive Polymer Brushes Grafted on Silica Particles
4.3.2 Thermally Induced Phase Transfer of Thermoresponsive Hairy Particles Between Two Immiscible Liquid Phases
4.3.2.1 Thermally Induced Phase Transfer of Thermoresponsive Hairy Particles Between Water and Immiscible Organic Solvents
4.3.2.2 Thermally induced Phase Transfer of Thermoresponsive Hairy Particles Between Water and a Hydrophobic Ionic Liquid
4.3.3 Thermoreversible Gelation of Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymer Brush‐grafted Silica Nanoparticles in Water
4.3.4 Thermoresponsive Polymer Brush‐grafted Nanoparticles for Enhancing Gelation of Thermoresponsive Linear ABC Triblock Copolymers in Water
4.4 Summary and Outlook
Acknowledgements
References
5. Self‐Assembly of Hairy Nanoparticles with Polymeric Grafts
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs into Colloidal Molecules
5.2.1 Precisely Defined Assembly of Patchy NPs
5.2.1.1 Isotropic NPs
5.2.1.2 Anisotropic NPs
5.2.2 Polymer‐Guided Assembly of NPs
5.3 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs Into One‐Dimensional (1‐D) Structures
5.3.1 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs in Solution Guided by Various Molecular Interactions
5.3.1.1 Self‐Assembly Driven by Neutralization Reaction
5.3.1.2 Self‐Assembly Driven by Hydrophobic Interaction
5.3.1.3 Self‐Assembly Driven by Dipolar Interaction
5.3.2 Templated Self‐Assembly of PGNPs into 1‐D Structures
5.3.2.1 Hard Template‐Assisted Assembly of PGNPs
5.3.2.2 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs Assisted by Soft Templates
5.3.3 The Self‐Assembly of 1‐D Structures in Polymer Films
5.4 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs into 2‐D Structures
5.4.1 Templated Self‐Assembly of PGNPs into 2‐D Structures
5.4.1.1 Self‐Assembly Using BCPs as Templates
5.4.1.2 Hard Template‐Assisted Self‐Assembly
5.4.2 Interfacial Assembly
5.4.3 2‐D Assemblies Within Thin Film
5.4.3.1 PGNPs/Homopolymer System
5.4.3.2 Self‐Assembly of Single‐Component Neat PGNPs
5.4.3.3 Self‐Assembly of Binary PGNPs Blends
5.5 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs into 3‐D Structures
5.5.1 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs into Clusters
5.5.2 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs into Vesicles
5.5.2.1 Self‐Assembly of Hydrophilic Homopolymer‐Grafted NPs
5.5.2.2 Self‐Assembly of Mixed Homopolymer‐Grafted NPs (M‐PGNPs)
5.5.2.3 Self‐Assembly of BCP‐Grafted NPs (B‐PGNPs)
5.5.2.4 Co‐Assembly of Binary B‐PGNPs or B‐PGNPs/BCPs
5.5.3 Self‐Assembly of PGNPs into 3‐D Superlattices and Crystals
5.5.3.1 Superlattices and Crystals Assembled in Solution
5.5.3.2 Binary Superlattice Assembled at Interfaces
5.6 Representative Applications of Assembled PGNPs
5.6.1 Biological Applications: Imaging, Therapy, and Drug Delivery
5.6.1.1 Assemblies of Plasmonic PGNPs
5.6.1.2 Assemblies of Magnetic PGNPs
5.6.1.3 Assemblies of Plasmonic‐Magnetic PGNPs
5.6.2 Dielectric Materials
5.7 Summary and Outlook
References
6. Interfacial Property of Hairy Nanoparticles
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Hairy NPs as Interfacial Building Blocks
6.2.1 Conformation of Grafted Polymers in Good Solvents
6.2.2 Patchy and Janus Geometry in Selective Solvents
6.2.3 Interfacial Activity as Colloids
6.3 Hairy NPs Assembly at Various Interfaces
6.3.1 Dispersion in Polymer Nanocomposites
6.3.2 Anisotropic Assembly
6.3.3 Liquid–Liquid Interfaces
6.3.4 Air–Solid Surfaces
6.3.5 Air–Liquid Surfaces
6.4 Interfacial Entropy
6.5 Interfacial Jamming
6.5.1 Electrostatic Assembly
6.5.2 Host–Guest Molecular Recognition
6.6 Single‐Chain NPs at Interfaces
6.6.1 Efficient Synthesis
6.6.1.1 Electrostatic‐Mediated Intramolecular Crosslinking Toward Large‐Scale Synthesis of SCNPs
6.6.1.2 Grafting Single‐Chain at NPs
6.6.2 Interfacial Applications
References
7. Hairy Hollow Nanoparticles
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Overview of the Progress in the Design and Synthesis of Hairy Hollow NPs
7.2.1 Synthetic Strategies for Hairy Hollow Polymer NPs
7.2.1.1 Sacrificial Template Method
7.2.1.2 Self‐Assembly (of Block Copolymers) Method
7.2.1.3 Single‐Molecule Templating (of Core–Shell Bottlebrush Polymers) Method
7.2.2 Synthetic Strategies for Hairy Hollow Inorganic NPs
7.2.2.1 Direct Grafting of Polymer Brushes onto Hollow Inorganic NPs
7.2.2.2 Sacrificial Template Strategy Combined with Sol–Gel Chemistry and Polymer Brush‐Grafting Methods
7.2.3 Synthetic Strategies for Hairy Hollow Organic/Inorganic Hybrid NPs
7.2.3.1 Direct Deposition of Polymer Layers onto Hollow Inorganic NPs by SI‐Polymerizations
7.2.3.2 Self‐Assembly Method
7.2.3.3 Single‐Molecule Templating Method
7.2.3.4 Sacrificial Template Method Combined with Polymer Brush Nanoreactors
7.3 Conclusions and Perspectives
Acknowledgment
References
8. Self‐Assembly of Binary Mixed Homopolymer Brush‐Grafted Silica Nanoparticles
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Computer Simulations of the Self‐Assembled Morphology of MBNPs
8.3 Self‐Assembled Morphologies of Well‐Defined Binary Mixed Homopolymer Brushes Grafted on Silica NPs
8.3.1 Synthesis of Well‐Defined Binary Mixed Homopolymer Brush‐Grafted Silica NPs
8.3.2 Lateral Microphase Separation of Nearly Symmetric PtBA/PS MBNPs
8.3.3 Effect of Chain Length Disparity on the Self‐Assembled Morphology of PtBA/PS MBNPs
8.3.4 Effect of Overall Grafting Density on Morphology of PtBA/PS MBNPs
8.3.5 Effect of Molecular Weight on Morphology of Symmetric MBNPs
8.3.6 Effect of Core Particle Size on Morphology of PtBA/PS MBNPs
8.3.7 3D Morphologies of PtBA/PS MBNPs by Cryo‐TEM and Electron Tomography
8.4 Self‐Assembled Morphology in Solvents and Homopolymer Matrices
8.4.1 Self‐Assembly of MBNPs in Good and Selective Solvents
8.4.2 Self‐Assembly of MBNPs in Homopolymer Matrices with Different Molecular Weights
8.5 Conclusions and Future Work
Acknowledgment
References
9. Hairy Plasmonic Nanoparticles
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Plasmonic Properties of Isolated NPs and Energy Transfer to Adjacent Hairy Environment
9.2.1 Plasmonic Principles of Hairy NPs
9.2.2 Energy Transfer to Adjacent Hairy Environment
9.2.2.1 Hairy NPs for Photothermal Heating
9.2.2.2 Hairy NPs Conjugated with Photoactive Entities
9.2.2.3 Hairy NPs Conjugated with Acceptors
9.3 Plasmonic Coupling Scenarios of Hairy Plasmonic NPs
9.3.1 Supercolloidal Structures in Solution
9.3.2 Hairy NPs Linked to Surface and Self‐assembly
9.4 Summary and Outlook Discussions
Acknowledgments
References
10. Hairy Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis: Polymer Ligand‐Mediated Catalysis
10.1 Nanocatalysis Mediated by Surface Ligands
10.1.1 Surface Ligands as an Important Component for Nanocatalysis
10.1.2 Polymers as Better Ligands for NPs
10.2 Catalysis Mediated by PGNPs with Thiol‐Terminated Polymers
10.3 Catalysis Mediated by PGNPs with NHC‐Terminated Polymers
10.4 Other PGNP Nanocatalysts
10.5 Conclusion and Outlook
References
11. Hairy Inorganic Nanoparticles for Oil Lubrication
11.1 Introduction
11.1.1 Oil Lubrication
11.1.2 Nanoparticles as Oil Lubricant Additives for Friction and Wear Reduction
11.1.3 Polymer Brush‐Grafted Nanoparticles: Definition and Synthesis
11.2 Oil‐Soluble Poly(lauryl methacrylate) Brush‐Grafted Metal Oxide NPs as Lubricant Additives
11.2.1 Synthesis, Dispersibility, and Stability in PAO of Poly(lauryl methacrylate) Brush‐Grafted Silica and Titania NPs
11.2.2 Lubrication Properties of Poly(lauryl methacrylate) Brush‐Grafted Silica and Titania NPs in PAO
11.3 Effects of Alkyl Pendant Groups on Oil Dispersibility, Stability, and Lubrication Property of Poly(alkyl methacrylate) Brush‐Grafted Silica Nanoparticles
11.3.1 Synthesis of Poly(alkyl methacrylate) Brush‐Grafted, 23‐nm Silica NPs
11.3.2 Dispersibility and Stability of 23‐nm Silica NPs Grafted with Poly(alkyl methacrylate) Brushes with Various Pendant Groups in PAO‐4
11.3.3 Effect of Alkyl Side Chains of Poly(alkyl methacrylate) Brushes on Lubrication Performance of 23‐nm Hairy Silica NPs as Additives for PAO‐4
11.4 Improved Lubrication Performance by Combining Oil‐Soluble Hairy Silica Nanoparticles and an Ionic Liquid as Additives for PAO‐4
11.4.1 Preparation of PAO‐4 Lubricants with Various Amounts of PLMA Hairy Silica NPs and [P8888][DEHP] and Stability of Hairy Silica NPs in the Presence of [P8888][DEHP]
11.4.2 Lubrication Performances of PAO‐4 Lubricants with the Addition of HNP, IL, and HNP + IL at Various Mass Ratios
11.4.3 SEM–EDS and XPS Analysis of Wear Scars Formed on Iron Flats from Tribological Tests
11.5 Upper Critical Solution Temperature (UCST)‐Type Thermoresponsive Poly(alkyl methacrylate)s in PAO‐4
11.5.1 Synthesis of Poly(alkyl methacrylate)s with Various Alkyl Pendant Groups by RAFT Polymerization and Their Thermoresponsive Properties in PAO‐4
11.5.2 UCST‐Type Thermoresponsive ABA Triblock Copolymers as Gelators for PAO‐4
11.6 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Index