## BACKGROUND. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine that is involved in the differentiation and proliferation of various hematopoietic precursors. It also has been reported to enhance the antitumor activity of various mature effector cells. Previous reports have
Granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma : A phase II trial
โ Scribed by Brian I. Rini; Walter M. Stadler; Ricardo T. Spielberger; Mark J. Ratain; Nicholas J. Vogelzang
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1998
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 87 KB
- Volume
- 82
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0008-543X
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
โฆ Synopsis
BACKGROUND.
Due to lack of success with standard chemotherapy and only modest
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The aim of this study was to determine the response rates and toxicity of two regimens containing granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in combination with interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the treatment of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. ## METHODS. Therapy given in the f
## BACKGROUND. Bronchial epithelial cells produce a significant amount of granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which is believed to mediate both the host defense and inflammation. Recently, GM-CSF has been demonstrated to be produced by several tumor cells and also to be asso
## BACKGROUND. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and granulocyte-macrophageฯชcolony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are cytokines with nonoverlapping pleiotropic effects. In a prior Phase Ib study, this combination of agents exhibited antitumor effects in the lungs of four of eight patients with renal cell carcinoma