GMOs: Implications for Biodiversity Conservation and Ecological Processes

✍ Scribed by Anurag Chaurasia, David L. Hawksworth, Manoela Pessoa de Miranda

Publisher: Springer International Publishing;Springer
Year: 2020
Tongue: English
Leaves: 640
Series: Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation 19
Edition: 1st ed.
Category: Library

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis

This book covers a broad spectrum of topics related to GMOs and allied new gene-based technologies, biodiversity, and ecosystem processes, bringing together the contributions of researchers and regulators from around the world. The aim is to offer a clear view of the benefits and effects of genetically modified crops, insects, and other animals on the soil microbiome and ecological processes. Contributors examine issues related to the development of risk assessment procedures and regulations designed to maximize benefits while minimizing risks.

Beyond the scientific challenges of GMOs, the book explores the broad and contentious terrain of ethical considerations. The contributors discuss such questions as the unintended, possibly unforeseen, consequences of releasing GMOs into ecosystems, and the likelihood that the full effects of GMOs could take years, even decades, of close monitoring to become evident. The importance of developing a precautionary approach is stressed.

The final chapter describes the critical issues of governance and regulation of new and emerging gene-based technologies, as nations grapple with the consequences of adopting the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB). The volume includes an extensive Annex which outlines legal perspectives on the state of GMO governance around the world, with more than 20 examples from nations in Africa, South and Central America, Asia, Australasia, and Europe.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter ....Pages i-xv
Front Matter ....Pages 1-1
GMOs, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Processes (Muhammad Amjad Nawaz, Kirill S. Golokhvast, Aristides M. Tsatsakis, Hon-Ming Lam, Gyuhwa Chung)....Pages 3-17
Front Matter ....Pages 19-19
Impact of GM Crops on Farmland Biodiversity (Tlou S. Masehela, Bruce Maseko, Eugenia Barros)....Pages 21-34
GM Crops: Resistance Development and Impact on Biodiversity (Lombardo Luca, Trenti Massimiliano, Zelasco Samanta)....Pages 35-68
Impact of Genetically Modified Crops on the Biodiversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (Roxana Paula Colombo, Laura Fernandez Bidondo, Vanesa Analía Silvani, Alicia Margarita Godeas)....Pages 69-86
GMOs – Impact on Non-target Arthropods (Patricia Valle Pinheiro, Josias Correa de Faria)....Pages 87-127
Impacts of Genetically Engineered Crops on the Soil Microbiome, Biological Processes, and Ecosystem Services (Robert J. Kremer)....Pages 129-147
Environmental Analytical and Ecotoxicological Aspects of Bt Maize in the Pannonian Biogeographical Region of the European Union (András Székács)....Pages 149-172
Front Matter ....Pages 173-173
GM Insect Biodiversity and Ecological Interactions (Thomas A. Miller)....Pages 175-192
Invasive Species Control and Resolution of Wildlife Damage Conflicts: A Framework for Chemical and Genetically Based Management Methods (Larry Clark, John Eisemann, John Godwin, Katherine E. Horak, Kevin Oh, Jeanette O’Hare et al.)....Pages 193-222
Risk Assessment of Transgenic Silkworms (Natuo Kômoto, Shuichiro Tomita)....Pages 223-237
Front Matter ....Pages 239-239
Genetically Engineered Fish: Potential Impacts on Aquaculture, Biodiversity, and the Environment (Rex A. Dunham, Baofeng Su)....Pages 241-275
GM Farm Animals: Potential Impact on Biodiversity Including Ethical Concerns (George E. Seidel Jr)....Pages 277-285
GM Animals: Biodiversity and Bioethical Concerns and Analysis (Diana Caballero-Hernandez, Alejandra E. Arreola-Triana, Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla)....Pages 287-301
Front Matter ....Pages 303-303
Hypothesis-Led Ecological Risk Assessment of GM Crops to Support Decision-Making About Product Use (Alan Raybould)....Pages 305-342
Risk Assessment of Insect-Resistant Genetically Modified Crops on Non-target Arthropods and Benefits to Associated Biodiversity of Agro-Ecosystems (Patricia Gladys Gadaleta)....Pages 343-357
Ecological Risk Assessment for Soil Invertebrate Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (Paul Henning Krogh)....Pages 359-367
Front Matter ....Pages 369-369
Engineered Gene Drives: Ecological, Environmental, and Societal Concerns (Jennifer Kuzma)....Pages 371-399
Engineered Gene Drives and their Value in the Control of Vector-Borne Diseases, Weeds, Pests, and Invasive Species (Kathleen Hefferon, Ronald Herring)....Pages 401-419
Evaluating Gene Drive Approaches for Public Benefit (Michael R. Santos)....Pages 421-437
Front Matter ....Pages 439-439
Governance of Emerging Technologies/Applications in the Bio/Life Sciences: Genome Editing and Synthetic Biology (Krishna Ravi Srinivas)....Pages 441-462
Front Matter ....Pages 463-463
Botswana—Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) and Synthetic Biology: Their Potential Applications and the Legal Perspectives (Motlalepula Pholo)....Pages 465-473
Democratic Republic of the Congo—GMOs/Synthetic Biology Rules/Regulations and Biodiversity: A Legal Perspective (Freddy Bulubulu Otono, Mike Ipanga Mwaku, Aimé Diamuini Ndofunsu, Sébastien Luyindula Ndiku)....Pages 475-479
Kenya—A Review of Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)—Case Study of Kenya (Josphat N. Muchiri, Theophilus M. Mutui, Dorington O. Ogoyi)....Pages 481-493
South Africa—Synthetic Biology Regulatory Considerations and Biodiversity – A Legal Perspective for South Africa (James Ian Rhodes, Wadzi Mandivenyi)....Pages 495-499
Tunisia—The Use of Modern Biotechnology in Tunisia – Regulatory Framework (Maher Chaouachi, Raja Chalghoumi, Mohamed Ilyes Kchok, Sana Jaballah, Hazar Belli Abelkafi, Hatem Ben Belgacem et al.)....Pages 501-511
Zimbabwe—The Status of Biosafety in Zimbabwe – A Legal Perspective (Deckster T. Savadye, Annah R. Takombwa, Abisai Mafa)....Pages 513-517
Front Matter ....Pages 519-519
Argentina—Regulatory Framework for Modern Biotechnology (Martin A. Lema)....Pages 521-525
Colombia—GMOs/Innovative Biotechnology Regulations (Elizabeth Hodson de Jaramillo)....Pages 527-531
Ecuador—Modern Biotechnology in Ecuador—Development and Legal Framework (María Torres, Efrén Santos-Ordóñez)....Pages 533-540
Honduras—GMOs/Synthetic Biology Rules/Regulations and Biodiversity – A Legal Perspective from Honduras (Carolina Alduvín)....Pages 541-545
Venezuela—GMOs/Regulations and Biodiversity – A Legal Perspective in Venezuela (María Eugenia Cavazza, Luis Plata, María Correnti, Gysell Plata, Juan Fernando Marrero, Carliz Díaz)....Pages 547-555
Front Matter ....Pages 557-557
India—GMOs/Synthetic Biology Rules/Regulations and Biodiversity – A Legal Perspective from India (Brajesh Barse, Syed Shams Yazdani)....Pages 559-576
Malaysia—Genetic Modifications and Synthetic Biology Regulations and Biodiversity – A Legal Perspective for Malaysia (Mohamad Faiz Foong Abdullah, Mohana Anita Anthonysamy)....Pages 577-583
Pakistan—Synthetic Biology – Challenges and Opportunities from a Biodiversity Perspective in Pakistan (Faisal F. Khan)....Pages 585-590
Thailand—GMOs and Synthetic Biology Regulations – Thailand Perspective (Chalinee Kongsawat, Weerawat Runguphan)....Pages 591-595
Front Matter ....Pages 597-597
Australia—Biodiversity Considerations as Part of the Regulation of GMOs, Including Synthetic Organisms (Andrea Robold, Heidi Mitchell)....Pages 599-603
New Zealand—GMO Rules and Regulations in New Zealand (Jack A. Heinemann, Dorien S. Coray, Brigitta Kurenbach)....Pages 605-613
Front Matter ....Pages 615-615
Czech Republic—GMO Regulations and Biodiversity: A Legal Perspective (Slavomír Rakouský, Zuzana Doubková)....Pages 617-623
Hungary—Hungary’s GMO-Free Policy and Its Legal Background (Rita Andorkó, Levente Kőrösi)....Pages 625-630
Italy—GMOs and Synthetic Biology Rules/Regulations and Biodiversity: The Legal Perspective of Italy (Valentina Rastelli, Giovanni Bacaro, Simona Baima, Marzia De Giacomo, Valeria Giovannelli, Vincenza Ilardi et al.)....Pages 631-639
Norway—The Norwegian Gene Technology Act: Presenting Case Studies to Illustate the Act’s Advances in Protecting Biodiversity (Anne Ingeborg Myhr, Idun Merete Grønsberg, Arinze Stanley Okoli)....Pages 641-649
Slovenia—GMOs and Synthetic Biology Regulations and Biodiversity: A Slovenian Legal Perspective (Martin Batič, Ruth Rupreht, Jelka àuštar-Vozlič, Marko Dolinar)....Pages 651-659
Back Matter ....Pages 661-667

✦ Subjects

Life Sciences; Biodiversity; Conservation Biology/Ecology; Transgenics; Biotechnology

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