Cover......Page 1
Geosphere-Biosphere Interactions and Climate......Page 2
Contents......Page 6
Dedication to Hans Oeschger......Page 8
List of Contributors......Page 10
Preface......Page 12
Introduction......Page 16
1 The Antarctic Ozone Hole, a Human-Caused
Chemical Instability in the Stratosphere......Page 18
PART ONE
THE ANTHROPOGENIC PROBLEM......Page 30
2 Feedbacks and Interactions between
Global Change, Atmospheric Chemistry,
and the Biosphere......Page 32
3 Atmospheric CO2 Variations
Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Earth
System Forcings......Page 55
4 Modeling and Evaluating Terrestrial
Biospheric Exchanges of Water,
Carbon Dioxide, and Oxygen in the
Global Climate System......Page 69
5 Carbon Futures......Page 83
PART TWO
THE HUMAN PERSPECTIVE......Page 98
6 Global Climate Change in the
Human Perspective......Page 100
PART THREE
MODELING THE EARTH'S SYSTEM......Page 128
7 Earth System Models and the Global
Biogeochemical Cycles......Page 130
8 The Role of CO2, Sea Level, and Vegetation
During the Milankovitch-Forced
Glacial-Interglacial Cycles......Page 136
9 Nonlinearities in the Earth System:
The Ocean's Role......Page 164
10 Simulations of the Climate of the Holocene......Page 180
11 Interactions of Climate Change
and the Terrestrial Biosphere......Page 193
PART FOUR
INFORMATION FROM THE PAST......Page 214
12 The Record of Paleoclimatic Change
and Its Greenhouse Implications......Page 216
13 Long-Term Stability of Earth's Climate
The Faint Young Sun Problem Revisited......Page 220
14 Physical and Chemical Properties
of the Glacial Ocean......Page 237
15 Ice Core Records and Relevance
for Future Climate Variations......Page 273
PART FIVE
HOW TO MEET THE CHALLENGE......Page 288
16 Toward a New Approach
to Climate Impact Studies......Page 290
17 Research Objectives of the World Climate
Research Programme......Page 297
18 Panel Discussion: Future Research Objectives......Page 302
Index......Page 306
Plates......Page 320