Geospatial Techniques in Urban Hazard and Disaster Analysis

✍ Scribed by Pamela S. Showalter, Yongmei Lu (auth.), Pamela S. Showalter, Yongmei Lu (eds.)

• Publisher: Springer Netherlands
• Year: 2010
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 448
• Series: Geotechnologies and the Environment 2
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book examines how Geographic Information Technologies (GIT) are being implemented to improve our understanding of a variety of hazard and disaster situations. The volume is a compilation of recent research using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS) and other technologies such as Global Positioning Systems (GPS) to examine urban hazard and disaster issues. The goal is to improve and advance the use of such technologies during four classic phases of hazard and disaster research: response, recovery, preparation and mitigation. The focus is on urban areas, broadly defined in order to encompass rapidly growing and densely populated areas.

The material presented is multidisciplinary, with contributions from scholars in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and North America, and is presented in five key sections:

• sea level rise and flood analysis
• earthquakes and tsunamis and international applications
• hurricane response/recovery
• metropolitan case studies
• evacuation studies

This volume contributes to our understanding of extreme events in urban environments with the use of GIT and expanding its role at the local, regional, state and federal levels. The book is a valuable reference for academic researchers and professionals and practitioners working in hazard management and mitigation.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Front Matter....Pages 9-9
Introduction....Pages 1-7
Modeling Sea-Level Rise and Surge in Low-Lying Urban Areas Using Spatial Data, Geographic Information Systems, and Animation Methods....Pages 11-30
Urban Expansion and Sea-Level Rise Related Flood Vulnerability for Mumbai (Bombay), India Using Remotely Sensed Data....Pages 31-49
A GIS for Flood Risk Management in Flanders....Pages 51-69
Using Geographic Information Science to Estimate Vulnerable Urban Populations for Flood Hazard and Risk Assessment in New York City....Pages 71-97
Geo-Information Technology for Infrastructural Flood Risk Analysis in Unplanned Settlements: A Case Study of Informal Settlement Flood Risk in the Nyabugogo Flood Plain, Kigali City, Rwanda....Pages 99-124
Front Matter....Pages 125-125
A Respiratory Riskscape for Texas Cities: A Spatial Analysis of Air Pollution, Demographic Attributes and Deaths from 2000 Through 2004....Pages 127-155
Spatial Distribution of Toxic Release Inventory Sites in Chicago Area: Is There Environmental Inequity?....Pages 157-177
Risk and Exposure to Extreme Heat in Microclimates of Phoenix, AZ....Pages 179-202
Wildfire Risk Analysis at the Wildland Urban Interface in Travis County, Texas....Pages 203-227
Early Warning of Food Security Crises in Urban Areas: The Case of Harare, Zimbabwe, 2007....Pages 229-241
Front Matter....Pages 243-243
Spatial Information Technologies for Disaster Management in China....Pages 245-254
A Cybercartographic Tool for Supporting Disaster Prevention Planning Processes and Emergency Management in Mexico City....Pages 255-271
Integration of Tsunami Analysis Tools into a GIS Workspace – Research, Modeling, and Hazard Mitigation efforts Within NOAA’s Center for Tsunami Research....Pages 273-294
Utilizing New Technologies in Managing Hazards and Disasters....Pages 295-323
Front Matter....Pages 325-325
Remote Sensing and GIS Data/Information in the Emergency Response/Recovery Phase....Pages 327-354
Investigating Recovery Patterns in Post Disaster Urban Settings: Utilizing Geospatial Technology to Understand Post-Hurricane Katrina Recovery in New Orleans, Louisiana....Pages 355-372
Space and Time Changes in Neighborhood Recovery After a Disaster Using a Spatial Video Acquisition System....Pages 373-392
Front Matter....Pages 393-393
Pre-evacuation Trip Behavior....Pages 395-413
Micro-Level Emergency Response: 3D Geometric Network and an Agent-Based Model....Pages 415-429
Front Matter....Pages 393-393
A Planning Support System for Terror-Resistant Urban Communities....Pages 431-445
Back Matter....Pages 447-452

✦ Subjects

Geographical Information Systems/Cartography; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry; Environmental Management; Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning