Geospatial Practices in Natural Resources Management (Environmental Science and Engineering)

✍ Scribed by Pravat Kumar Shit (editor), Dipanwita Dutta (editor), Tapan Kumar Das (editor), Sandipan Das (editor), Gouri Sankar Bhunia (editor), Pulakesh Das (editor), Satiprasad Sahoo (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 593
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book provides a multidisciplinary synthesis of the sustainable management of natural resources. The book presents applicable knowledge of land, water, and forest resources along with in-depth investigations of multiple management pathways. This book also demonstrated the contemporary applications of geospatial technology in data mining techniques, data analysis, modeling, assessment, and visualization, and appropriate management strategies in different aspects of natural resources. The book explores the latest state-of-the-art techniques using open-source software, statistical programming, and modeling platforms, including artificial intelligence techniques in natural resource management. It is a valuable resource for students, researchers, and practitioners in geography, geospatial sciences, and environmental sciences, especially those interested in land, water, and forest resources.

✦ Table of Contents

Foreword
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Abbreviations
Part I Land Resources
1 Big Data Analysis for Sustainable Land Management on Geospatial Cloud Framework
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Land Resource Monitoring Using Satellite Data: Prospects and Challenges
1.3 Open Geospatial Software and Data for Land Resource Management
1.4 Smart Land Resource Monitoring and Assessment
1.5 The Land Sustainability Agenda and Big Data
1.6 Way Finding
References
2 Assessing of LULC and Climate Change in Kolkata Urban Agglomeration Using MOLUSCE Model
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Materials and Methods
2.2.1 Study Area
2.2.2 Data Collection and Processing
2.3 Results and Discussion
2.3.1 LULC Change
2.3.2 Climate Change
2.4 Conclusions
References
3 Field Survey and Geoinformatic Approaches for Micro-Level Land Capability Classification
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Study Area
3.3 Database and Methods
3.3.1 Soil Survey and Analysis
3.3.2 Satellite Image Processing and LULC Classification
3.3.3 Topographic Investigations
3.3.4 Use of GIS for Data Integrations
3.3.5 Land Capability Classes (LCC)
3.4 Result and Discussion
3.4.1 Soil Characteristics
3.4.2 Physiography (Relief and Slope)
3.4.3 Land Use Land Cover (LULC)
3.4.4 Land Capability Classes
3.5 Conclusion
References
4 Assessment of Potential Land Suitability for Economic Activity Using AHP and GIS Techniques in Drought Prone Gandheswari Watershed, Bankura District in West Bengal
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Study Area
4.3 Materials and Methods
4.3.1 Materials
4.3.2 Methods
4.3.3 Thematic Layer Preparation
4.4 Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
4.4.1 Integration of GIS for Weighted Overlay Analysis
4.5 Result
4.5.1 Soil Depth
4.5.2 Soil Texture
4.5.3 Distance from River
4.5.4 Modified Normalized Differentiate Water Index (MNDWI)
4.5.5 Normalized Differentiate Vegetation Index (NDVI)
4.5.6 Ground Water
4.5.7 Rainfall
4.6 LULC
4.6.1 Curvature
4.6.2 Slope
4.6.3 Elevation
4.6.4 Potential Land Suitability Zone
4.7 Discussion
4.7.1 Validation
4.8 Conclusion
References
5 Spatial–Temporal Changes of Urban Sprawl, LULC and Dynamic Relationship Between Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Bio-Physical Indicators: A Study of Kolkata Municipal Corporation, West Bengal
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Study Area
5.3 Materials and Methods
5.3.1 Data Collection
5.3.2 Land Use/Land Cover Classification
5.3.3 Calculation of Land Surface Temperature (LST)
5.3.4 Calculation of Bio-Physical Indicators
5.4 Results and Discussion
5.4.1 Spatiotemporal Land Cover Changes Over Time
5.4.2 Land Surface Temperature From 1990 to 2019
5.4.3 NDVI Changes From 1990 to 2019
5.4.4 NDWI Changes From 1990 to 2019
5.4.5 NDBI Changes From 1990 to 2019
5.4.6 GAM Model (Relationship Between LST and Bio-Physical Indicators from 1990 to 2019)
5.5 Conclusion
References
6 Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Urban Land Use Applying Change Detection and Built-Up Index for Durgapur Municipal Corporation, Paschim Bardhaman, West Bengal
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Study Area
6.3 Materials and Methods
6.3.1 Materials
6.3.2 Methods
6.3.3 Classification Scheme
6.4 Result and Discussions
6.4.1 Image Preprocessing
6.4.2 Classification Image
6.4.3 Supervised Image Classification
6.4.4 Accuracy Assessment
6.5 Calculating NDVI, NDBI, BUI and Statistical Assessment
6.5.1 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
6.5.2 Normalized Difference Built Index (NDBI)
6.5.3 Built-Up Index
6.5.4 Statistical Measures
6.6 Conclusion
References
7 Studies on Impacts of Land Use/Land Cover Changes on Groundwater Resources: A Critical Review
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Materials and Method
7.2.1 Data Used
7.2.2 Methodology
7.3 Results
7.3.1 Assessment of Spatio-Temporal Changes of Land Use/land Cover (LULC)
7.3.2 Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Temperature
7.3.3 Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Rainfall
7.3.4 Spatio-Temporal Variations of Groundwater
7.4 Discussion
7.4.1 Built-Up Environment Influence Spatio-Temporal Alteration in LULC
7.4.2 Climate Parameters and Land Cover Changes Influence on Groundwater Table
7.4.3 Correlation Analysis in Different Variables by the Outcomes of Kendall’s Tau Test (R)
7.5 Recommendation for Sustainable Land Use Planning
7.6 Conclusions
References
Part II Water Resources
8 Crowdsourcing as a Tool for Spatial Planning in Water Resource Management
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Methods
8.3 Spatial Crowdsourcing for Water Resource
8.4 Citizen Engagement for Water Resource Monitoring
8.5 Challenges and Prospects
8.6 Conclusion
References
9 Spatio-Seasonal Runoff and Discharge Variability in the Ganga River Basin, India: A Hydrometeorological Perspective
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Ganga River Basin
9.3 Database and Methodology
9.4 Result and Discussion
9.4.1 Spatial Variability of Runoff and Discharge in the Basin
9.5 Seasonal Variability of Runoff in the Basin
9.5.1 Seasonal Variability of Discharge in the Basin
9.6 Conclusion
References
10 Appraisal of Drinking Water Quality of Kalahandi District Using Geospatial Technique
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Study Area and Data Collection
10.3 Materials and Method
10.3.1 Water Quality Index (WQI)
10.3.2 Inverse Distance Weighted
10.3.3 Overlay Weighted Analysis
10.4 Result and Discussion
10.4.1 Spatial Distribution Maps
10.4.2 Ground Water Quality Index Map (GWQI)
10.4.3 Weighted Overlay Analysis
10.4.4 Root Mean Square Estimation
10.5 Conclusions
References
11 Allocation of Potential Tourism Gradient Sites at Maithon Dam of Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC), India: A Geospatial Approach
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Objectives
11.3 Area Identity
11.4 Materials and Methods
11.5 Preparation of Relative Relief Map
11.6 Preparation of NDVI Map
11.7 Results and Discussion
11.7.1 Present Status of Tourism Activity at Maithon Dam
11.8 Maithon Dam Site: Potentiality as a Sustainable Tourist Spot
11.9 Conclusion and Recommendations
References
12 Watershed Management Process Under MGNREGA: An Approach to Natural Resource Management Through People’s Participation
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Study Area
12.3 Methodology
12.4 Result and Discussion
12.4.1 Potential Schemes of MGNREGA for Integrated Watershed Management
12.4.2 Participatory Approach in Integrated Watershed Management
12.4.3 Some Important MGNREGA Permissible Works for Watershed Management
12.4.4 Example of Watershed Management Project Special Reference to Ushar Mukti
12.4.5 Hinderances and Solutions for Micro Watershed Management
12.5 Conclusion
References
13 Meteorological and Agricultural Drought Monitoring Using Geospatial Techniques
13.1 Introduction
13.2 A Review of Drought Indices
13.3 Meteorological Drought
13.3.1 Drought Indicators and Drought Indices
13.3.2 The RPI
13.3.3 Effective Drought Index (EDI)
13.3.4 Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI)
13.3.5 Climatic Water Balance (CWB)
13.4 Agricultural Drought
13.4.1 Crop Drought Index (CDI)
13.4.2 Soil Moisture Index (SMI)
13.4.3 Crop Yield Reduction (YR)
13.5 Remote Sensing of Drought Parameters
13.5.1 Precipitation
13.5.2 The Relative Humidity
13.5.3 Soil Moisture
13.5.4 Evapotranspiration (ET)
13.5.5 Terrestrial Water Storage
13.5.6 Snow Cover
13.5.7 Remote Sensing of Vegetation
13.6 Remote Sensing Based Drought Indices
13.6.1 ET Based Drought Indices
13.6.2 Vegetation Remote Sensing Based Indices
13.7 Ecosystem and Vegetation Health Models
13.7.1 The VCI
13.7.2 The TCI
13.7.3 The VHI
13.7.4 The NVAI, NTAI, NDAI
13.8 A Unified Framework for Drought Assessment
13.9 Extent of Agricultural Drought
13.9.1 Challenges in Drought Remote Sensing
13.9.2 Data Assimilation for Soil Moisture
13.9.3 Multi-index Multivariate Drought Monitoring
13.9.4 Some Drought Monitoring Systems
13.9.5 Drought Monitoring in Poland
13.9.6 The US Drought Monitor
13.9.7 Drought Monitoring in Australia
13.9.8 Drought Monitoring in India
13.9.9 Conclusion
References
14 GIS Based Delineation of Flood Susceptibility Mapping Using Analytic Hierarchy Process in East Vidarbha Region, India
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Study Area
14.3 Methodology
14.4 Results and Discussions
14.4.1 Flood Causative Factors
14.4.2 Flood Susceptibility Map
14.5 Conclusions
References
15 Fluoride Contamination in Groundwater—A Review
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Materials and Methods
15.3 Results
15.3.1 Sources and Control of Fluoride Mobilisation in Groundwater
15.4 Factors Controlling Enrichment and Mechanisms of Movement of Fluoride in Groundwater
15.5 Global Perspectives of Fluoride Contamination
15.6 Indian Perspective of Fluoride Contamination
15.7 Discussions
15.8 Mitigation Measures
15.9 Conclusions
References
16 Analysis of Basin Morphometry for the Prioritization Using Geo-Spatial Techniques: A Case Study of Debnala River Basin, Jharkhand, India
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Study Area
16.3 Methodology
16.4 Morphometric Analysis
16.5 Linear Aspect
16.6 Laws of Drainage Composition
16.7 Areal Aspect
16.8 Relief Aspect
16.9 Maximum Elevation
16.10 Relative Relief
16.11 Average Slope
16.12 Drainage Density
16.13 Stream Frequency
16.14 Drainage Texture
16.15 Dissection Index
16.16 Ruggedness Index
16.17 Coefficient Relative Massiveness
16.18 Roughness Index
16.19 Sub-Basin Wise Soil Erosion Potentiality
16.20 Descriptive Measures
16.21 Multivariate Analysis of Morphometric Variable
16.22 Factor Analysis
16.23 Major Finding
16.24 Identification of the Sub-Basin Wise Soil Erosion Potentiality Zone of Debnala River Basin
16.25 Sediment Production Rate of Debnala River Basin
16.26 Conclusion
References
17 Geo-Spatial Techniques to Analyze Fluvial Morphometry of River Kangshabati and Some Associated Features, in Selected Parts of Bankura District, West Bengal
17.1 Introduction
17.2 History of Morphometric Studies
17.3 Study Area
17.4 Objective and Methodology
17.5 Results and Discussions
17.5.1 Altitude and Occurrence of Forest in the Study-Area
17.6 Stream Ordering Within the Kangshabati Drainage Basin
17.7 Relative Relief
17.8 Slope Study
17.9 Dissection Index Map
17.10 Drainage Density
17.11 Conclusion
References
18 Morphometric Analysis of Panzara River Basin Watershed, Maharashtra, India Using Geospatial Approach
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Study Area
18.3 Database and Methodology
18.4 Results and Discussion
18.4.1 Linear Aspects
18.4.2 Areal Aspects
18.4.3 Relief Aspects
18.5 Conclusions
References
19 Groundwater Geochemistry and Identification of Hydrogeochemical Processes of Fluoride Enrichment in the Consolidated Aquifer System in a Rain Shadow Area of South India
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Study Area
19.3 Materials and Methods
19.3.1 Field Investigations and Sampling for Water and Rock Samples
19.3.2 Analytical Methods for Major Cations and Anions and Rock Samples
19.4 Results and Discussions
19.4.1 Distribution of Water Quality Variables in the Study Area
19.4.2 Geochemistry and Hydrochemical Facies Based on Piper Trilinear Diagram
19.4.3 Meteorological Influence on Fluoride Concentration
19.4.4 Geogenic Sources of Fluoride in the Study Area
19.4.5 Fluoride Distribution in Different Abstraction Structures
19.5 Conclusions
References
Part III Forest Resources
20 Temporal Areal and Greenness Variation of Marichjhapi Island, Sundarban, India
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Literature Reviewed
20.3 Study Area
20.4 Materials and Methods
20.4.1 Data Sources
20.5 Methodological Framework
20.6 Normalised Vegetation Index (NDVI)
20.7 Results
20.7.1 Areal Change of the Island
20.8 Mangrove and No-Mangrove Cover Changes
20.9 Temporal Changes of Different Density Mangrove Area
20.10 Temporal Variations of Greenness-Impacts
20.11 Discussion
20.11.1 Areal Changes
20.12 Temporal Variations of Mangrove-Densities
20.13 Variations of Greenness-Impacts
20.14 Conclusion
References
21 Estimation of Crop Coefficients Using Landsat-8 Remote Sensing Image at Field Scale for Maize Crop
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Material and Methods
21.2.1 Study Area
21.2.2 Remote Sensing Data and Software Used
21.2.3 Collection of Field Data
21.2.4 Calculation of NDVI
21.2.5 Crop Coefficients of Maize Crop
21.2.6 Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
21.2.7 Development of ANN Model
21.2.8 Performance Indicator
21.3 Results and Discussion
21.3.1 Kc and NDVI Simulation Using Linear Models
21.4 Kc and NDVI Simulation using Power Function
21.4.1 Kc and NDVI Simulation Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
21.5 Conclusions
References
22 Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Forest Health Dynamics of Sikkim Using MODIS Satellite Data by AHP Method and Geospatial Techniques
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Study Area
22.3 Materials and Methods
22.3.1 Data Sources and Pre-processing
22.3.2 Analysis of Forest Health Dynamics
22.3.3 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
22.3.4 Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI)
22.3.5 Leaf Area Index (LAI)
22.3.6 Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index (IPVI)
22.3.7 Renormalised Difference Vegetation Index (RDVI)
22.3.8 Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI)
22.4 Result and Discussions
22.4.1 NDVI Analysis
22.4.2 EVI Analysis
22.4.3 LAI Analysis
22.4.4 IPVI Analysis
22.4.5 RDVI Analysis
22.4.6 OSAVI Analysis
22.4.7 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Analysis
22.5 Conclusion
References
23 Forest Degradation Susceptibility and Sustainability: Case Study of Arganeraie Biosphere Reserve, Atlantic High Atlas, Morocco
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Study Area
23.2.1 Geographic Setting
23.2.2 Geomorphologic Context
23.2.3 Geological and Hydrological Framework
23.2.4 Bioclimatic Framework
23.3 Materials and Methods
23.4 Results and Discussion
23.4.1 Soil Diversity
23.4.2 Floral Biodiversity
23.5 Challenges and Solutions
23.6 Recommendations
23.7 Conclusions
References
24 Utilization of PISA Model and Deduced Specific Degradation Over Semi-arid Catchment: Case of Abdelmomen Dam in Souss Basin (Morocco)
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Study Area
24.3 Methodology
24.3.1 Data Availability
24.3.2 Model Description
24.4 Results and Discussion
24.4.1 Land Cover and Erodible Surface Areas
24.4.2 Slope
24.4.3 Precipitation
24.4.4 Drainage Density
24.4.5 Application of PISA Model
24.5 Conclusion and Recommendations
References
25 Geospatial Practices for Airpollution and Meteorological Monitoring, Prediction, and Forecasting
25.1 Introduction
25.1.1 Geospatial Technologies
25.1.2 Geographic Information System
25.1.3 Remote Sensing
25.1.4 Air Quality Monitoring and Mapping
25.1.5 Modeling, Prediction, and Forecasting
25.2 Monitoring and Analysis
25.2.1 Satellite Data
25.2.2 Spatial Data Processing
25.3 Findings and Discussion
25.4 Conclusion
References
26 Empowerment of Geospatial Technologies in Conjunction with Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
26.1 Introduction
26.1.1 Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
26.1.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)
26.1.3 Data Science and Analytics
26.1.4 Robotics and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)
26.2 Materials and Methods
26.2.1 IoT and WSN in Conjunction with Geospatial Technology
26.2.2 AI and ML in Conjunction with Geospatial Technology
26.2.3 Data Science and Analytics in Conjunction with Geospatial Technology
26.2.4 Robotics and UAVin Conjunction with Geospatial Technology
26.3 Results and Discussion
26.3.1 Case Studies: IoT and WSN in Conjunction with Geospatial Technology
26.3.2 Case Studies: AI and ML in Conjunction with Geospatial Technology
26.3.3 Case Studies: Data Science and Analytics in Conjunction with Geospatial Technology
26.3.4 Case Studies: Robotics and UAV in Conjunction with Geospatial Technology
26.4 Conclusion
References