Genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and reactive oxygen species induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes and C60 fullerenes in the FE1-Muta™Mouse lung epithelial cells

✍ Scribed by Nicklas Raun Jacobsen; Giulio Pojana; Paul White; Peter Møller; Corey Alexander Cohn; Karen Smith Korsholm; Ulla Vogel; Antonio Marcomini; Steffen Loft; Håkan Wallin

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2008
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 421 KB
• Volume: 49
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0893-6692
• DOI: 10.1002/em.20406

✦ Synopsis

Viability, cell cycle effects, genotoxicity, reactive oxygen species production, and mutagenicity of C 60 fullerenes (C 60 ) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were assessed in the FE1-Muta TM Mouse lung epithelial cell line. None of these particles induced cell death within 24 hr at doses between 0 and 200 lg/ml or during long-term subculture exposure (576 hr) at 100 lg/ml, as determined by two different assays. However, cell proliferation was slower with SWCNT exposure and a larger fraction of the cells were in the G1 phase. Exposure to carbon black resulted in the greatest reactive oxygen species generation followed by SWCNT and C 60 in both cellular and cell-free particle suspen-sions. C 60 and SWCNT did not increase the level of strand breaks, but significantly increased the level of FPG sensitive sites/oxidized purines (22 and 56%, respectively) determined by the comet assay. The mutant frequency in the cII gene was unaffected by 576 hr of exposure to either 100 lg/ml C 60 or SWCNT when compared with control incubations, whereas we have previously reported that carbon black and diesel exhaust particles induce mutations using an identical exposure scenario. These results indicate that SWCNT and C 60 are less genotoxic in vitro than carbon black and diesel exhaust particles.