Genetically Modified Organisms : Transgenesis in Plants

✍ Scribed by Tourte, Yves

• Publisher: CRC Press LLC
• Year: 2019
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 124
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This work reviews the theoretical and historical basis of genetic engineering, particularly in regard to genetically modified plants, and details techniques of creating genetically modified organisms. It describes research programs and results in areas such as agro-food, health, and the environment, and examines practical, legal, and ethical questions posed by society and the responses of scientists, legislators, and industry. B&W photographs of equipments are given.

✦ Table of Contents

Content: Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1. Genetically modified organisms
1.2. A brief history
Inset 1.1. The first recombinant DNA
Inset 1.2. Restriction endonucleases
Inset 1.3. Plasmid pUC 18
Inset 1.4. PCR: Polymerase chain reaction
Inset 1.5. Bacterial transduction by a phage
Inset 1.6. Crown gall disease
Chapter 2. Techniques of Creating GMOs
2.1. Isolation of a functional gene
2.1.1. Genome and genetic information
Inset 2.1. DNA molecule and replication Inset 2.2. Comparison of organization of genomes in the prokaryote and eukaryote cell2.1.2. Genes
Inset 2.3. The gene and its expression
2.1.3. DNA libraries
Inset 2.4. Extraction of plasmid DNA
Inset 2.5. Creation of a genomic DNA library
Inset 2.6. Creation of a cDNA library
2.1.4. Searching for a gene in a library
Inset 2.7. Gene disruption by random DNA insertion
2.2. Construction of chimeric genes and selectable marker genes
Inset 2.8. Transfer, expression and selection vectors
2.3. Operations of gene transfer
2.3.1. In unicellular organisms
2.3.2. In animals 2.3.3. In plantsInset 2.9. Transgenesis by cointegration
Inset 2.10. Binary vector
Inset 2.11. Derivatives of plasmid pBR322
Inset 2.12. Antisense vector
Inset 2.13. Microinjection of DNA in plant protoplasts
Inset 2.14. Electrofusion
Inset 2.15. Liposome technique
Inset 2.16. Biolistics
Inset 2.17. A manipulation of genetic transformation in tobacco
2.4. Essential controls
Inset 2.18. PCR technique
Inset 2.19. Northern blot technique
2.5. Stability, heritability and dispersal of the transgene
Chapter 3. Research Programmes and Results
3.1. Objectives of research programmes 3.1.1. Overall objectives3.1.2. In microorganisms
3.1.3. In plants
Inset 3.1. A small Brassicaceae
3.2. Achievements in fundamental research
3.3. Achievements in applied research
3.3.1. Agronomy
Inset 3.2. Creating a haplodiploid
Inset 3.3. Backcrosses and transgenesis
Inset 3.4. Creating a Bt maize
Inset 3.5. Natural defence in plants
Inset 3.6. Acquisition of virus resistance by transgenesis
3.3.2. Growth and development of plants
Inset 3.7. Biosynthesis of isoprenoid hormones
3.3.3. Control of seed germination and the ""terminator"" gene Inset 3.8. Transgenic plant with controlled germination3.3.4. Improvement of nutritional quality of food crops
3.3.5. Horticulture and ornamental plants
3.3.6. Quality of industrial plants
3.3.7. Pharmaceuticals and parapharmaceuticals
Inset 3.9. Molecules of therapeutic value produced from transgenic plants
Inset 3.10. Human haemoglobin
3.3.8. GM plants and environmental management
Chapter 4. GMOs: Concerns and Remedies
4.1. Questions raised by the existence of GMOs
4.1.1. We have not had enough time to evaluate GMOs
4.1.2. GMOs have arrived at an inopportune time