From Aristotle to Cognitive Neuroscience

✍ Scribed by Grant Gillett

• Publisher: Palgrave Pivot
• Year: 2018
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 172
• Edition: 1st ed. 2018
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

From Aristotle to Cognitive Neuroscience identifies the strong philosophical tradition that runs from Aristotle, through phenomenology, to the current analytical philosophy of mind and consciousness.

In a fascinating account, the author integrates the history of philosophy of mind and phenomenology with recent discoveries on the neuroscience of conscious states. The reader can trace the development of a neuro-philosophical synthesis through the work of Aristotle, Kant, Wittgenstein, Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, Brentano and Hughlings-Jackson, among others, and so explore contemporary philosophical puzzles surrounding consciousness and its relation to cerebral synchrony and connectedness.

Of interest to students and scholars of neuroethics, neurophilosophy and philosophy of mind, as well as philosophy of psychiatry, From Aristotle to Neuroscience demonstrates the real essence of consciousness as it increasingly connects with philosophy, law, morality, aesthetics, and spirituality.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
List of Figures
Chapter 1: Introduction: Second Nature and Naturalism
1 Recap on Chapter 1: First and Second Nature—Lived Experience and Meaningful Lives
References and Bibliography
Chapter 2: From Aristotle to Consciousness and Intentionality
1 Aristotle, Embodied Human Life, and Second Nature
1.1 Embodiment
1.2 Second Nature and Skills Mobilised in Cognition
2 Brentano, Second Nature, and the Contents of Consciousness
3 Kant and Husserl: Intentionality and Anthropology
3.1 Kant: The Anthropology of Second Nature
3.2 Husserl: Consciousness and Intersubjectivity
3.3 Human Cognition, Consciousness, and Concepts
4 The Epistemic Soul: Triangulation, Intersubjectivity, Judgement, and Knowledge
5 The Real Essence of Consciousness and the Human Soul
6 Recap on Chapter 2
References and Bibliography
Chapter 3: Evolutionary Neurology and the Human Soul
1 John Hughlings-Jackson and Evolutionary Neurology
2 John Hughlings-Jackson, Neural Integration, and Consciousness
2.1 Double Dissociation and Neuropsychology
2.2 Complexity and Consciousness
2.3 Propositionising, Language, and the Soul
3 Edelman and Ecology
3.1 Edelman: Neuronal Group Selection, Concepts, and Consciousness
3.2 Ecological Psychology: Gibson, Neisser, and Active Perception
4 Varela and Thompson: Autopoiesis
5 Cerebral Connectivity and Non-linear Brain Dynamics: Creating Meaning
6 Distancing, Objectivising, the Third Thing in a Space of Reasons
6.1 Propositionising, Language, and Second Nature: The Norm of Truth and Triangulation
7 Con-Scio-Us-Ness and Co-constructing the Imaginary
8 Recap on Chapter 3
References and Bibliography
Chapter 4: Diverse Dissolutions of Consciousness
1 Consciousness, Embodied Phenomenology, and Cognitive Interaction
2 Cognitive Interactions, Connectivity, and Discursive Being: Problematic Cases
2.1 Neuropsychological Cases
2.1.1 The Split Brain
2.1.2 Other Neural Disconnection Problems
2.2 Psychiatric Symptomatology
2.2.1 Hallucinations
2.2.2 Delusions (e.g. Thought Insertion, Broadcast Thought, Persecution, Misidentification, Distorted Self-knowledge)
2.2.3 Multiple Personality and Dissociation
2.2.4 Psychopathy
3 Triply Responsive Neurocognitive Assemblies
4 An Epigenetic Constructivist Conception of Embodied Consciousness
5 Getting It Together: Subjective but Internally Disconnected Bodies and Nervous Systems
6 Embodied Cognition and Propositionising
7 Recap on Chapter 4
References and Bibliography
Chapter 5: Consciousness, Value, and Human Nature
1 Echoes of Hughlings-Jackson: Layers of Integration and Coordination
2 Analysing Morality
3 Neurocognitive Integration and the Moral Brain
4 Ascending Adaptation and the Moral and Aesthetic Brain
5 Recap on Chapter 5: Going Beyond the Self
References and Bibliography
Chapter 6: Second Nature, the Will, and Human Neuroscience
1 The Development of the Will to Power
2 Recap on Chapter 6
References and Bibliography
Chapter 7: Consciousness: Metaphysical Speculations and Supposed Distinctions
1 Zombies and Qualia
2 “The Gap” and the Enactive Real Essence of Consciousness
3 Intentional Rule-Following
4 Meeting the Desiderata and Revisiting the Puzzles
5 Recap on Chapter 7
References and Bibliography
References and Bibliography
Index