Four years' entomological study of the transmission of seasonal malaria in Senegal and the bionomics of Anopheles gambiae and A. arabiensis

✍ Scribed by Didier Fontenille; Laurence Lochouarn; Mathurin Diatta; Cheikh Sokhna; Ibrahima Dia; Nafissatou Diagne; Jean-Jacques Lemasson; Khalilou Ba; Adama Tall; Christophe Rogier; Jean-François Trape

• Publisher: Elsevier Science
• Year: 1997
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 875 KB
• Volume: 91
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0035-9203
• DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90506-x

✦ Synopsis

From 1993 to 1996, an entomological survey was conducted in the village of Ndiop, Senegal, as part of a research programme on malaria epidemiology and the mechanisms of protective immunity. Mosquitoes were captured on human bait and by indoor spraying. Species from theAnopheles gambiae complex were identified using the polymerase chain reaction, and Plasmodium falciparum infections were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for circumsporozoite protein. The vector species identified were A. gambiae (33.9%), A. arabiensis (63.2%), A. melas (0.3%) and A. funestus (2.5%). Similar proportions of A. gambiae (74.2%) and A. arabiensis (73.8%) contained human blood; 27.0% ofA. gambiae and 28.3% ofA. arabiensis had fed on cattle. The sporozoite rates were similar forA. gambiae (3.2%) and A. arabiensis (3.7%). The annual entomological inoculation rates varied greatly depending on the year. There were 63, 17,37 and 7 infected bites per person per year in 1993, 1994, 1995 and 1996 respectively.Transmission was highly seasonal, from July to 0ctober.A. arabiensis was responsible for 66% of malaria transmission, A. gambiae for 3 1 %, and A. funestus for 3%.