## Abstract Due to high and low volatility periods, time series of absolute returns experience temporary level shifts which differ in length and size. In this paper we modify the basic Censored Latent Effects Autoregressive [CLEAR] model, such that it can describe and forecast the location and size
Forecasting in the presence of level shifts
β Scribed by Aaron Smith
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2005
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 151 KB
- Volume
- 24
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0277-6693
- DOI
- 10.1002/for.968
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
This article addresses the problem of forecasting time series that are subject to level shifts. Processes with level shifts possess a nonlinear dependence structure. Using the stochastic permanent breaks (STOPBREAK) model, I model this nonlinearity in a direct and flexible way that avoids imposing a discrete regime structure. I apply this model to the rate of price inflation in the United States, which I show is subject to level shifts. These shifts significantly affect the accuracy of out-of-sample forecasts, causing models that assume covariance stationarity to be substantially biased. Models that do not assume covariance stationarity, such as the random walk, are unbiased but lack precision in periods without shifts. I show that the STOPBREAK model outperforms several alternative models in an out-of-sample inflation forecasting experiment.
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We consider tests for the equality of prediction mean squared errors and for forecast encompassing. It is shown that, if forecast errors exhibit ARCH, size distortions are induced in the usual tests. Adjusted test statistics are suggested to alleviate this problem.
## Abstract In a futures market with a daily priceβlimit rule, trading occurs only at prices within limits determined by the previous day's settlement price. Price limits are set in dollars but can be expressed as return limits. When the daily return limit is triggered, the true equilibrium futures
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