Abstract
BACKGROUND
Genitourinary cancers account for more than 20% of all malignancies in the United States. These cancers do not usually yield rapid mortality, thereby necessitating longerโterm surveillance strategies.
METHODS
A review and analysis of relevant studies were performed. Followโup strategies are proposed to reflect effective methods to detect recurrent prostate, bladder, renal, and testicular cancers. Cost analysis was performed using Medicare reimbursement rates.
RESULTS
For genitourinary tumors, followโup tests can be planned rationally based on detection rates and patterns. Tumor grade and stage drive followโup strategies, along with therapeutic implications of detecting a recurrence. Symptomatic recurrences often obviate the need for radiographic tests and can minimize costs. Stageโ specific plans for these four urologic malignancies are outlined specifically.
CONCLUSIONS
Not all surveillance approaches have been critically tested for followโup of genitourinary tumors, but ample data are available to propose sound medical and economic strategies. Cancer 2002;94:2892โ905. ยฉ 2002 American Cancer Society.
DOI 10.1002/cncr.10525