Fluid Mechanics Experiments

✍ Scribed by Robabeh Jazaei

• Publisher: Morgan & Claypool
• Year: 2020
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 119
• Series: Synthesis Lectures on Mechanical Engineering
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Fluid mechanics is one of the most challenging undergraduate courses for engineering students. The fluid mechanics lab facilitates students' learning in a hands-on environment. The primary objective of this book is to provide a graphical lab manual for the fluid mechanics laboratory. The manual is divided into six chapters to cover the main topics of undergraduate-level fluid mechanics. Chapter 1 begins with an overview of laboratory objectives and the introduction of technical laboratory report content. In Chapter 1, error analysis is discussed by providing examples. In Chapter 2, fluid properties including viscosity, density, temperature, specific weight, and specific gravity are discussed. Chapter 3 revolves around the fluid statics include pressure measurement using piezometers and manometers. Additionally, hydrostatic pressure on the submerged plane and curved surfaces as well as buoyancy and Archimedes' Principle are examined in Chapter 3. In Chapter 4, several core concepts of fluid dynamics are discussed. This chapter begins with defining a control system based on which momentum analysis of the flow system is explained. The rest of the chapter is allotted to the force acting on a control system, the linear momentum equation, and the energy equation. Chapter 4 also covers the hydraulic grade line and energy grade line experiment. The effect of orifice and changing cross-sectional area by using Bernoulli's' equation is presented in Chapter 4. The application of the siphon is extended from Chapter 4 by applying Bernoulli's' equation. The last two chapters cover various topics in both internal and external flows which are of great importance in engineering design. Chapter 5 deals with internal flow including Reynolds number, flow classification, flow rate measurement, and velocity profile. The last experiment in Chapter 5 is devoted to a deep understanding of internal flow concepts in a piping system. In this experiment, students learn how to measure minor and major head losses as well as the impact of piping materials on the hydrodynamics behavior of the flow. Finally, open channels, weirs, specific energy, and flow classification, hydraulic jump, and sluice gate experiments are covered in Chapter 6.

✦ Table of Contents

Acknowledgments
How to Write a Technical Report
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 What is the Purpose of a Laboratory Report?
1.1.2 Lab Report Flowchart and Step to Write a Lab Report
1.2 Cover page
1.3 Table of Contents/Figures/Tables
1.4 Abstract/ Summary
1.4.1 How to Write a good Abstract or Summary
1.5 Introduction
1.6 Procedure
1.7 Results
1.8 Discussion and Analysis
1.8.1 Statistical Analysis and Uncertainty Analysis
1.8.2 Data Description
1.9 Uncertainty Analysis of Experimental Results
1.9.1 Error Analysis
1.10 Conclusion
1.11 Reference
1.12 Appendices
1.12.1 Lab Report Check List
1.13 How to Write a Laboratory Memo
Fluid Properties
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Required Equations
2.2 Objective
2.3 Equipment
2.4 Procedure
2.4.1 Experimental Data
2.5 Lab Assignment
Fluid Statics—Pressure Measurement and Hydrostatics
3.1 Experiment: Pressure Measurement with Manometers and Piezometers
3.1.1 Introduction
3.1.2 Objective
3.1.3 Equipment
3.1.4 Procedure
3.1.5 Experimental Data
3.1.6 Assignment
3.2 Experiment: Hydrostatic Forces on a planar surface
3.2.1 Introduction
3.2.2 Objective
3.2.3 Equipment
3.2.4 Procedure
3.2.5 Experimental Data
3.2.6 Lab Assignment
3.3 Experiment: Archimedes’ Principle and Buoyant Force
3.3.1 Introduction
3.3.2 Objective
3.3.3 Procedure
3.3.4 Equipment
3.3.5 Experimental Data
3.3.6 Lab Assignment
Fluid Dynamics
4.1 Experiment: Impact of Jet- Linear Momentum Application
4.1.1 Introduction
4.1.2 Objective
4.1.3 Equipment
4.1.4 Procedure
4.1.5 Experimental Data
4.1.6 Lab Assignment
4.2 Experiment: The EGL and HGL-Venturi
4.2.1 Introduction
4.2.2 Objective
4.2.3 Equipment
4.2.4 Procedure
4.2.5 Experimental Data
4.2.6 Lab Assignment
4.3 Experiment: Flow from an Orifice - Discharge Coefficient
4.3.1 Introduction
4.3.2 Objective
4.3.3 Equipment
4.3.4 Procedure
4.3.5 Experimental Data
4.3.6 Lab Assignment
Internal Flow
5.1 Experiment: Internal Flow Classification- Reynolds Number
5.1.1 Introduction
5.1.2 Objective
5.1.3 Procedure
5.1.4 Equipment
5.1.5 Experimental Data
5.1.6 Lab Assignment
5.2 Experiment: Application of Bernoulli’s Equation—Measure Velocity and Pressure in Siphon
5.2.1 Introduction
5.2.2 Objective
5.2.3 Siphon Tools
5.2.4 Test Setup
5.2.5 Procedure
5.2.6 Lab Assignment
5.3 Experiment: Major and Minor Head Loss for Turbulent Flow in a Pipe Network
5.3.1 Introduction
5.3.2 Objectives
5.3.3 6.5.3 Equipment
5.3.4 Procedure
5.3.5 Experimental Data
5.3.6 Lab Assignment
External Flow
6.1 Experiment: Measure Velocity in External Flow Using Pitot Tube
6.1.1 Introduction
6.1.2 Objective
6.1.3 Apparatus
6.1.4 Procedure
6.1.5 Experimental Data
6.1.6 Lab Assignment
6.2 Experiment: Coefficient of Discharge in Flow Regime-Weir
6.2.1 Introduction
6.2.2 Objective
6.2.3 Equipment
6.2.4 Procedure
6.2.5 Experimental Data
6.2.6 Lab Assignment
6.3 Experiment: Open-Channel Flow-Specific Energy-Subcritical, Critical and Supercritical Flow
6.3.1 Introduction
6.3.2 Objective
6.3.3 Equipment
6.3.4 Procedure
6.3.5 Experimental Data
6.3.6 Lab Assignment
6.4 Experiment: Hydraulic Jump and Head loss in Open-Channel Flow
6.4.1 Introduction
6.4.2 Objective
6.4.3 Equipment
6.4.4 Procedure
6.4.5 Experimental Data
6.4.6 Lab Assignment
References
Author Biography
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