Comparatively little is known about the hydrology of desert ¯ash-¯oods despite the extent of the world's drylands. There is even less known about their sedimentary behaviour and particularly about the movement of coarse material as bedload. The results of an intense ®eld monitoring programme carried out on an ephemeral gravel-bed stream in the northern Negev Desert are presented. In this semi-arid setting, ¯ow duration analysis indicates that the channel is hydrologically active for 2% of the time, or about seven days per year, and that overbank ¯ow can be expected for only 0 . 03% of the time Ð about three hours per year. Multipeaked ¯ood hydrographs are the norm, re¯ecting many factors including the arrival of separate slugs of discharge from contributing subcatchments. The passage of the initial ¯ood bore is surprisingly slow, but the rising limb of the ¯ood hydrograph is rapid with a median time of rise of 10 minutes, in keeping with expected ¯ash-¯ood behaviour. Bedload ¯ux is high, averaging 2Á67 kg s À1 m À1 during the period that the channel carries ¯ow. This gives very high bedload sediment yield despite the infrequent and short duration of ¯ood ¯ows and matches the high yield of suspended sediment. The relationship between bedload ¯ux and boundary shear stress is simple, in contrast with perennial gravel-bed streams, and the exponent of the log±log relationship is 1 . 52. Of great value is that the behaviour of the Nahal Eshtemoa corroborates a pattern established by the authors previously in a smaller tributary stream.