The suspension rheology of hematite in the ionic liquid Ecoeng TM. 212 was studied in detail and compared to the pure ionic liquid. This is the first report on the rheological behavior of suspensions in ionic liquids, and it is postulated that colloidal stability and rheology must be considered to understand these results, and to overcome limitations on the production of nanosized particles in industrial applications. Concentrated suspensions of particles in the nanometer range show non-Newtonian flow behavior including shear thinning and shear thickening. These phenomena are mainly caused by particle-particle interactions in the suspension, and control of these interactions is critical. The influences of temperature and solid concentration on flow behavior were shown for the pure liquid and the suspensions. It is seen that the ionic liquid follows the Arrhenius equation for non-associating electrolytes. It is possible to shift all hematite suspension curves to a master curve according to the model of GleiΓle and Baloch. Furthermore, the flow behavior of the suspensions can be modeled with the well-known Herschel-Bulkley plot. A 10 wt % suspension of Fe 2 O 3 follows Newtonian behavior over the entire range, similar to the pure ionic liquid. It is believed that the ionic liquid has an influence on the stability of the particles, leading to a decrease of attractive particle-particle forces.