First and second order effects in NMR spectral averaging
β Scribed by J.L. Bjorkstam
- Book ID
- 103207102
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1983
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 929 KB
- Volume
- 111
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0022-2860
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π SIMILAR VOLUMES
## Abstract βUnexpectedβ secondβorder effects encountered in protonβcoupled ^13^C NMR spectra where relative proton shifts are large compared to protonβproton coupling constants are illustrated. The observed phenomenon is explained, with reference to the ABX spin system as a model, as being due to
Periodic motions near an equilibrium solution of Duffing's equation with negative linear stiffness can evolve, lose their stability, and undergo period doubling bifurcations as excitation amplitude, frequency and damping are varied. For bifurcations to period two it is shown that these can be either