First Aid Manual

• Publisher: Dorling Kindersley
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 307
• Edition: 11
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

CONTENTS
01 BECOMING A FIRST AIDER
What is a first aider?
How to prepare yourself
Protection from infection
Dealing with a casualty
Requesting help
The use of medication
Remember your own needs
02 MANAGING AN INCIDENT
Action at an emergency
Traffic incidents
Fires
Electrical incidents
Water incidents
Major incidents
03 ASSESSING A CASUALTY
Assessing the sick or injured
Mechanisms of injury
Primary survey
Secondary survey
Monitoring vital signs
04 THE UNRESPONSIVE CASUALTY
Breathing and circulation
Life-saving priorities
Unresponsive adult
Unresponsive child
Unresponsive infant
How to use an AED
05 RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS
The respiratory system
Hypoxia
Airway obstruction
Choking adult
Choking child
Choking infant
Hanging and strangulation
Inhalation of fumes
Drowning
Hyperventilation
Asthma
Croup
Penetrating chest wound
06 WOUNDS AND BLEEDING
The heart and blood vessels
Bleeding and types of wound
Shock
Severe external bleeding
Internal bleeding
Impalement
Amputation
Crush injury
Cuts and grazes
Bruising
Blisters
Infected wound
Foreign object in a wound
Scalp and head wounds
Eye wound
Bleeding from the ear
Nosebleed
Knocked-out adult tooth
Bleeding from the mouth
Finger wound
Wound to the palm
Wound at a joint crease
Abdominal wound
Vaginal bleeding
Bleeding varicose vein
07 BONE, JOINT AND MUSCLE INJURIES
The skeleton
Bones, muscles and joints
Fractures
Dislocated joint
Strains and sprains
The brain and nerves
Head injury
Facial injury
Lower jaw injury
Cheekbone and nose injury
Collar bone injury
Shoulder injury
Upper arm injury
Elbow injury
Forearm and wrist injuries
Hand and finger injuries
Rib injury
Pelvic injury
Back pain
Spinal injury
Hip and thigh injuries
Lower leg injuries
Knee injury
Ankle injury
Foot and toe injuries
Cramp
08 EFFECTS OF HEAT AND COLD
The skin
Assessing a burn
Severe burns and scalds
Minor burns and scalds
Burns to the airways
Electrical burn
Chemical burn
Chemical burn to the eye
Flash burn to the eye
Irritant spray exposure
Dehydration
Sunburn
Heat exhaustion
Heatstroke
Hypothermia
Frostbite
09 FOREIGN OBJECTS, POISONING, BITES AND STINGS
The sensory organs
Splinter
Embedded fish-hook
Swallowed foreign object
Foreign object in the eye
Foreign object in the ear
Foreign object in the nose
How poisons affect the body
Types of poison
Swallowed poisons
Drug poisoning
Alcohol poisoning
Animal and human bites
Insect sting
Tick bite
Other bites and stings
Snake bite
Stings from sea creatures
Marine puncture wound
10 MEDICAL CONDITIONS
Angina
Heart attack
Stroke
Diabetes mellitus
Hyperglycaemia
Hypoglycaemia
Seizures in adults
Seizures in children
Fever
Sepsis
Meningitis
Mental health crisis
Fainting
Allergy
Anaphylactic shock
Headache
Migraine
Sore throat
Earache and toothache
Abdominal pain
Vomiting and diarrhoea
Childbirth
Emergency childbirth
11 TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT
Removing clothing
Removing headgear
Casualty handling
First aid materials
Dressings
Cold compresses
Principles of bandaging
Roller bandages
Tubular gauze bandages
Triangular bandages
Reef knots
Hand and foot cover bandage
Arm sling
Elevation sling
Improvised slings
12 EMERGENCY FIRST AID
Action in an emergency
CPR for an adult
Chest-compressiononly CPR
CPR for a child
CPR for an infant
Heart attack
Stroke
Choking adult
Choking child
Choking infant
Asthma
Sepsis
Meningitis
Severe external bleeding
Shock
Anaphylactic shock
Hypoglycaemia
Head injury
Spinal injury
Broken bones
Burns and scalds
Seizures in adults
Seizures in children
Swallowed poisons
Heatstroke
First aid regulations
Index
Notes
Acknowledgments