Field endotracheal intubation by paramedical personnel: Success rates and complications: Stewart RD, Paris PM, Winter PM, et al Chest 85:341–345 Mar 1984
✍ Scribed by William H Campbell
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1984
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 215 KB
- Volume
- 13
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1097-6760
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✦ Synopsis
Noninvasive cardiac pacing was tested in 16 normal male volunteers and 15 patients with sinus node dysfunction. The device contained an electrocardiac monitor attached in the standard manner to facilitate fixed-rate or demand mode to the anterior and larger posterior pacing electrodes. The pacemaker stimulus was a 4-ms impulse capable of delivering up to 140 mA, 180 times a minute. The maximum time of pacing was 15 minutes in normal subjects and 30 minutes in patients. Thirteen of the 14 patients and 15 of the 16 normal subjects tolerated electrical stimulation to pacing threshold. One patient, with severe cardiomyopathy, did not pace even at maximum pacing stimulus. The mean current necessary for pacing was 54 mA in normal subjects and 56 mA in patients. The pacing threshold for patients with hemodynamically significant bradycardia was higher (78 mA) than for those without hemodynamic impairment (51 mA). One normal subject and one patient requested discontinuation of stimulation at 60 mA because of discomfort. No atrial or ventricular irritability was noted.