Fiber optics

✍ Scribed by Hoss, Robert J.; Lacy, Edward A

• Publisher: Prentice Hall; Safari Books Online
• Year: 1993
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 305
• Edition: 2nd ed
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

A practical and up-to-date tutorial on everything necessary to understand how to apply fiber in a communications application. Key topics include components, system design, cable installation, and systems and fiber measurement. This information should interest technicians, associates, trainers, supervisors, or engineers who design, install and/or maintain a practical fiber system in today's environment.

✦ Table of Contents

CONTENTS......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 12
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 14
1.1 Introduction......Page 16
1.2 Basic Theory of Operation......Page 17
1.3 Advantages......Page 20
1.4.1 Telephone Systems......Page 26
1.4.2 Video......Page 27
1.4.4 Computers and Data Transmission......Page 28
1.5 History......Page 29
1.6 Looking Ahead......Page 32
1.7 Opportunities for Technicians......Page 34
2.1.1 Wave vs. Particle Theory......Page 36
2.1.2 The Wavelength of Light......Page 37
2.1.3 Electromagnetic Spectrum......Page 38
2.1.5 Straight-Line Propagation......Page 40
2.1.6 Transparent, Translucent, and Opaque Materials......Page 41
2.2 Reflection......Page 42
2.3 Refraction......Page 43
2.4 Light Measurements......Page 47
3.1 Optical Sources......Page 52
3.1.1 Source to Fiber Coupling......Page 53
3.1.3 Relative Advantages and Disadvantages......Page 55
3.1.5 Transfer Characteristics......Page 56
3.1.7 Wavelength of Operation......Page 57
3.1.8 Emission Spectrum......Page 58
3.2.1 LED Principles of Operation......Page 59
3.2.2 Surface Emitters......Page 61
3.2.3 Edge Emitters......Page 63
3.2.5 LED Transmitters......Page 64
3.3 Injection Lasers......Page 67
3.3.1 ILD Principle of Operation......Page 68
3.3.2 Laser-Transmitter Design......Page 69
3.4 Modulation and Multiplexing......Page 75
3.4.1 Carrier Modulation......Page 76
3.4.3 Optical Source Modulation......Page 78
3.4.4 Pulse Encoding......Page 80
3.4.5 Multiplexing......Page 85
4.1.1 Fiber Construction......Page 89
4.1.2 Dimensions......Page 90
4.1.3 Strength......Page 91
4.2 Light Propagation......Page 94
4.3 Transmission Losses......Page 100
4.4.1 Bandwidth and Dispersion Relationships......Page 104
4.4.2 Multimode Dispersion......Page 105
4.4.3 Material Dispersion......Page 107
4.5.1 Cable Configuration......Page 109
4.5.2 Cable Core Design Classification......Page 110
4.5.3 Cable Jacket and Armor Design......Page 115
4.5.4 Core/Jacket Design for Outside Plant......Page 117
4.5.5 Premise Cable Design......Page 120
5 SPLICES, CONNECTORS, AND COUPLERS......Page 126
5.1.1 Fusion Splicing......Page 131
5.1.2 Mechanical Splice......Page 136
5.1.3 Rotary Splice......Page 138
5.2 Connectors......Page 140
5.2.1 Resilient Ferrule Design......Page 141
5.2.2 SMA Design......Page 147
5.2.4 ST Connector......Page 148
5.2.5 SC Connector......Page 151
5.2.6 FC Design......Page 152
5.2.8 Ferrule End Finish......Page 153
5.3.1 Coupler Characteristics......Page 154
5.3.4 Directional Coupler......Page 157
5.3.5 Wavelength-Dependent Coupler......Page 158
5.3.6 Wavelength Multiplexing......Page 162
6.1 Photodetectors for Fiber Optics......Page 165
6.2 Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Optical Receivers......Page 166
6.3 PIN Photodiodes......Page 170
6.4 Avalanche Photodiodes......Page 175
6.5 Receivers......Page 178
6.5.1 Receiver Operation......Page 179
6.5.2 Fiber Optic Receiver Packaging......Page 181
6.5.3 Preamplifier Design Choice......Page 182
6.5.4 Receiver Design Examples......Page 184
7 SYSTEM DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE......Page 190
7.1 System Performance Analysis......Page 191
7.1.1 System Design Procedure......Page 192
7.1.3 Stage 2—Photonics Design......Page 193
7.1.4 Practical Considerations in Performing the Link Budget Analysis......Page 196
7.2.1 Wide-Area Network (WAN)......Page 203
7.3.1 WAN Fiber Transmission......Page 204
7.3.2 Asynchronous Transmission Standards......Page 206
7.3.3 Synchronous Transmission Standards......Page 207
7.4 MANs......Page 210
7.4.1 Application of Fiber in MAN......Page 211
7.4.2 Network Architecture......Page 212
7.4.3 STAR Distribution with Fiber......Page 214
7.4.4 Path Redundant STAR Distribution with Fiber......Page 215
7.4.5 Active Fiber Optic Ring......Page 216
7.5.1 Video Applications in the MAN......Page 220
7.5.2 CATV Application of Fiber......Page 221
7.5.3 Fiber Architecture for CATV......Page 224
7.6.1 LAN Characteristics......Page 229
7.6.2 FDDI Fiber Optics LAN......Page 232
7.6.3 Fiber Optic LAN Topology Considerations......Page 234
8.1 Safety......Page 239
8.2.2 Cable Preparation......Page 241
8.3.1 Aerial Installation Practices......Page 242
8.3.2 Aerial Cable Placement......Page 245
8.4.1 Direct Plow-In......Page 247
8.4.3 Duct Installation......Page 250
8.5 Premise Cabling......Page 254
8.5.1 Cable for Premise Installation......Page 256
8.5.2 Installing Premise Cable......Page 257
8.6.1 Splicing Locations......Page 259
8.6.3 Fiber Protection Precautions......Page 260
8.6.4 Splice Enclosures......Page 262
8.7.1 Principle of Optical-Power Measurements......Page 264
8.7.2 Optical-Test Equipment......Page 268
8.7.3 Cable-Plant Testing Process......Page 273
8.7.4 Optical Test of Electronics......Page 277
A......Page 280
C......Page 281
D......Page 283
E......Page 284
F......Page 285
H......Page 288
I......Page 289
L......Page 290
M......Page 291
O......Page 293
R......Page 295
S......Page 297
T......Page 299
W......Page 300
C......Page 302
L......Page 303
Q......Page 304
W......Page 305