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Failure to detect hepatitis C virus genome in human secretions with the polymerase chain reaction

✍ Scribed by Henry H. Hsu; Teresa L. Wright; Daniel Luba; Mary Martin; Stephen M. Feinstone; Gabriel Garcia; Harry B. Greenberg

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1991
Tongue
English
Weight
534 KB
Volume
14
Category
Article
ISSN
0270-9139

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis

Although hepatitis C infection has been clearly demonstrated to be transmitted through blood products or blood contamination, most cases of sporadic hepatitis C infection are unassociated with parenteral risk factors, and it is unclear how infection might be acquired by nonparenteral means. One po- tential mode of nonparenteral transmission is through body secretions. We used a highly sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction assay to determine whether hepatitis C viral genomic RNA could be detected in secretions obtained from nineteen individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Although hepatitis C genomic RNA was found in all 19 sera, hepatitis C virus RNA was not detected in any samples of saliva, semen, urine, stool or vaginal secretions from these patients. Viral titers in serum ranged from lo2 to 1 0 ' polymerase chain reaction units/ml. The sensitivity of our polymerase chain reaction assay indicates that, if hepatitis C virus were in secretions, it would be present in amounts lerrs than 1 to 4 polymerase chain reaction units/ml. This contrasts with hepatitis B virus infection, in which serum titers frequently are in excess of los copies of hepatitis B genomes/ml. Body secretions have been found to contain up to lo6 copies of hepatitis B genomes/ml. Our finding8 support seroepidemiological studies indicating thqt nonparenteral transmission of hepatitis C through secretions is uncommon and probably much less efficient than hepatitis B virus infection.

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