External Beam Radiation Therapy Followed by Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Primary Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma With Intracranial Extension

Intraoperative radiation therapy to the

Intraoperative radiation therapy to the upper mediastinum and nerve-sparing three-field lymphadenectomy followed by external beam radiotherapy for patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma

✍ Masao Hosokawa; Hiroki Shirato; Masanori Ohara; Kenji Kagei; Seiko Hashimoto; Sh 📂 Article 📅 1999 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 117 KB 👁 2 views

## BACKGROUND. In patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma, radical dissection of the upper mediastinal lymph nodes often leads to complications such as recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and subsequent pulmonary disorders. Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) to the upper mediastinum and nerve-