โ Scribed by Flannery, Tim Fridtjof
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
It is hard to overstate just how unusual Europe was towards the end of the age of the dinosaurs. It was a dynamic island arc whose individual landmasses were made up of diverse geological types, including ancient continental fragments, raised segments of oceanic crust, and land newly minted by volcanic activity. Yet even at this early stage Europe was exerting a disproportionate influence on the world. About 100 million years ago, the interaction of three continents - Asia, North America and Africa - formed the tropical island archipelago that would become the Europe of today, a place of exceptional diversity, rapid change and high energy. Europe- A Natural History is full of surprises. Over the millennia Europe has received countless immigrant species and transformed them. It is where the first coral reefs formed. It was once home to some of the world's largest elephants. And it played a vital role in the evolution of our own species. When the first modern humans arrived in Europe 40,000 years ago, they began to exert an astonishing influence on the continent's flora and fauna, and now, Europeans lead the way in wildlife restoration - there are more wolves in Europe today than in the USA. This enthralling ecological history is more than the story of Europe and the Europeans, it will change our understanding of life itself.;The tropical archipelago : 100-34 million years ago -- Becoming continental : 34-2.6 million years ago -- Ice ages : 2.6 million-38,000 years ago -- Human Europe : 38,000 years ago to the future.
Europa
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