Ethics In Research: Principles And Practical Considerations

✍ Scribed by Lorella Congiunti, Francesco Lo Piccolo, Antonio Russo, Mario Serio

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 119
• Series: UNIPA Springer Series
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book draws a connection between ethics and research across social sciences, philosophy, medical sciences and legal sciences, and demonstrates that any research activity needs to be conducted by means of rules deriving from the field of ethics. Although having a common core, such rules assume different characteristics depending on the branch of science, as the contributions on philosophy, medicine, dentistry, law, biotechnology, robotics and architecture highlight. It also investigates the more complex ethical concerns and places them in a larger, technological context. Starting with an introduction to common-sense ethical principles, the contributions then guide the reader, helping them develop and understand a comprehensive knowledge on the field. Notably, it appeared interesting to analyze recent events related to the arrival of the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic in light of ethical principles, highlighting in what terms their applicability can still be confirmed. Moreover, the book makes these topics accessible to a non-expert audience, while also offering alternative reading pathways to inspire more specialized readers.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
Philosophy and Medicine. The Search for Happiness
1 Introduction
2 Medicine as Technics and Art
3 Medicine as Rational Knowledge of Causes
4 Medicine and Philosophy
5 Conclusion
References
Ethics in Legal Research
1 Introduction
2 Law and Research: The Comparative Approach as a Scientific Method
3 Conflict of Interests in Legal Research
3.1 Conflict of Interests in Research: Definition, Content and General Issues
3.2 The Peculiarities of Conflict of Interests in Legal Research
4 Legal Research and Data Protection
4.1 The Use of Personal Data for Scientific Purposes: The European Regulatory Framework
4.2 The Reuse of Personal Data in Legal Research: A Comparative Overview
References
Ethics in Life Sciences and Research
1 Introduction
2 What Makes Clinical Research Ethical?
3 The Role of Research Ethics Committees (RECs) and Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)
4 Ethical Issues in Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs): Science or Ethics?
5 Conclusions
References
Therapeutic Strategies and Self-Determination: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic
1 Ethical Principles Under Pressure: “Beneficence” and “Autonomy”
2 Apparent Contradictions in the Principle of Justice
3 The “Vexed Question” of the Vaccine
4 Conclusions
Notes
Ethics and Integrity in Academic Publishing
1 Introduction
2 Predatory Publishing: An Overview
3 Ethical Implications and Concerns
4 International Initiatives to Guide Authors
4.1 The Think. Check. Submit Campaign
4.2 The InterAcademy Partnership (IAP) Activities
4.3 The COPE Discussion Document
5 The First Italian Ethical Toolkit on Predatory Publishing
5.1 CNR Research Ethics and Integrity Committee and Its Working Group
5.2 Practical Recommendations for Researchers
6 Preliminary Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Ethical Dilemmas in Urban Studies
1 Ethics and the City
2 Narrating Stories, Interpreting Roles, Telling the Truth
3 To Be, or Not to Be Engaged (in Planning Practices): Technical Expertise Versus Political Vision
4 Conclusions
References
Toward Virtuous Machines: When Ethics Meets Robotics
1 Introduction
2 Proposals in Roboethics
2.1 Top-Down Methods
2.2 Bottom-Up Methods
2.3 LIDA: Integrating Top-Down and Bottom-Up Strategies
3 Artificial Phronesis
4 Cognitive Agents Supporting Artificial Phronesis
5 A BDI Implementation of Artificial Phronesis
6 Conclusions
References
How the Love of Truth Affects the Role of the Researcher: References to the “Third Mission” of Universities and References to the Field of Business Economics Studies
1 On the “Truth”: Conceptual References
2 For “Love”: The Motivational Drive in Search of Truth for the Common Good
3 The Researcher’s Task and Their Working for Good
4 Initial Summary Considerations and References to the “Third Mission” of Universities
5 Ethical References and Specifications in Economic and Business Research: Notes on Entrepreneurial Virtues
6 Conclusions
Notes
The Humanization of Health Care: In-Depth Knowledge Regarding the Ethics of Dental Care in Oncological Patients
1 Introduction
2 The Notion of Care from Hyginus to the Oral Health Care Practitioner (Understood as a Curative Presence)
3 The Human Relationship as an Integral Component of Care
4 Reformulating the Relationship Between Doctor and Frail Patient (With a Need for Oral Care) and Revisiting Settings: How the Ethical Dimension of the Medical Professional is Changing
5 Conclusion
References

✦ Subjects

Bioethics; Ethics Of Technology; Medical Ethics