Epidemiology of Human Congenital Malformations

✍ Scribed by Bengt Källén (auth.)

• Publisher: Springer International Publishing
• Year: 2014
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 164
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Authored by Bengt Källén, professor emeritus in embryology at Lund University in Sweden.

​​The subject of this book is to describe the occurrence of congenital malformations among children born and what risk factors exist. Population data are presented for a number of malformations, ascertained with the use of data from the Swedish national health registers for the period 1998-2010 corresponding to some 1.3 million births, together with prospectively collected information on a group of exposures of possible interest. The structure of the analysis is such that it excludes studies of, for instance, nutrition, alcohol or street drug use and many other lifestyle factors where prospective information or independent register information is difficult or impossible to obtain.

Epidemiology of Human Congenital Malformations culminates with a discussion on how the presence of malformations can be explained and various possibilities for the prevention of birth defects. Moreover, it will include a series of instructions on how to read epidemiological literature in this field making it an essential resource both for those currently working in the field of reproductive epidemiology or those intending to enter it. It will additionally be useful for doctors working with malformations, either as obstetricians, neonatologists or pediatricians.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter....Pages i-ix
A Short History of Birth Defect Epidemiology....Pages 1-3
Genetic and Non-genetic Factors in the Origin of Congenital Malformations....Pages 5-8
Ascertainment of Children with Congenital Malformations....Pages 9-11
Statistical Considerations....Pages 13-16
Epidemiological Methods....Pages 17-19
Neural Tube Defects....Pages 21-25
Microcephaly....Pages 27-31
Hydrocephaly....Pages 33-36
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum and Holoprosencephaly....Pages 37-39
Severe Eye Malformations....Pages 41-43
Severe Ear Malformations....Pages 45-48
Cardiovascular Defects....Pages 49-72
Orofacial Clefts....Pages 73-77
Atresia or Stenosis of the Alimentary Tract....Pages 79-83
Pyloric Stenosis....Pages 85-88
Malrotation of the Gut....Pages 89-91
Megacolon....Pages 93-94
Hypospadias....Pages 95-98
Epispadias, Cloacal and Bladder Exstrophy....Pages 99-102
Severe Renal Malformations....Pages 103-106
Posterior Urethral Valve....Pages 107-109
Pes Equinovarus....Pages 111-113
Other Foot Deformities Than Pes Equinovarus....Pages 115-118
Polydactyly and Syndactyly....Pages 119-122
Limb Reduction Defects....Pages 123-127
Craniostenosis....Pages 129-132
Diaphragmatic Hernia....Pages 133-135
Abdominal Wall Defects....Pages 137-141
Children with Multiple Malformations....Pages 143-146
Syndromes....Pages 147-150
Down Syndrome....Pages 151-156
Explanation and Prevention of Birth Defects....Pages 157-166
Eight Commandments: Rules for the Interpretation of Birth Defect Epidemiology Studies....Pages 167-167
Back Matter....Pages 169-170

✦ Subjects

Obstetrics/Perinatology; Maternal and Child Health; Reproductive Medicine; Epidemiology; Pediatrics