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It is generally considered advisable (Boijsen and Kohler, 1962) that, before any operation for a renal artery aneurysm is carried out, the contralateral renal artery should b e examined by arteriography to exclude a possible aneurysm in this artery. The diagnosis of the present case was, however, only made after nephrectomy and, as the incidence of bilateral renal artery aneurysms is comparatively low (4 out of 175 cases (Garritano, 1957)) and the patient was symptom-free, a follow-up arteriogram was not considered necessary.
A preoperative clinical diagnosis of rupture of a renal artery aneurysm into the pelvis would probably be easily made if the condition was considered in the differential diagnosis of severe haematuria. SUMMARY I. T h e incidence of rupture of a n aneurysm of the renal artery into the renal pelvis is reviewed. 2. A case of rupture of a renal artery aneurysm presenting with severe haematuria and clot retention is reported. T h e aneurysm had ruptured into the renal pelvis and required urgent nephrectomy to control the haemorrhage. Acknowledgements.-I would like to thank Mr. R. P. Warren for permission to publish this case and Dr. I. Tuck for the pathological report on the specimen. REFERENCES ABESHOUSE, B. S. (1951), Urol. cutan. Rev., 55, 451. BAKER, W. J., and HUCKLEBURY, N. I. (I953), 3. Urol., 70,
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