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Emulsification of heavy crude oil in water for pipeline transportation

✍ Scribed by S.N. Ashrafizadeh; M. Kamran

Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
2010
Tongue
English
Weight
357 KB
Volume
71
Category
Article
ISSN
0920-4105

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The transportation of heavy and extra-heavy crude oils from the head-well to the refinery is becoming important since their production is currently rising all over the world. Such oils are characterized by a low API gravity (b 20) and high viscosity (N 10 3 cP at 298.15 K) that render difficult oil