Electronics: A Systems Approach

✍ Scribed by Storey, Neil

• Publisher: Pearson Publications Company
• Year: 2017
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 862
• Series: Electronic Systems Engineering
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Updated to take account of changes in this ever more important field, the second edition of this popular text provides an engaging and accessible introduction to the principles of electronics. Its 'systems-oriented' approach is now accepted as an illuminating and motivational method of addressing the subject. Overall concepts are explained first, supplying the reader with the confidence and understanding needed to tackle the more detailed analysis which follows. This book also offers an integrated treatment of analogue and digital electronics, highlighting and exploring the common ground between the two fields. Throughout the book, learning is reinforced by chapter objectives, end of chapter summaries, worked examples, exercises and tips for further reading. Every chapter also includes a comprehensive design case study linking theory to everyday practice. "Electronics: A Systems Approach "is intended for undergraduate and diploma students in all fields of engineering and science. For students of electronics it provides a coherent and comprehensive set of material suitable for introductory courses in analogue and digital design. For students of other disciplines it covers most of the electronics material they will need for their courses.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Brief Contents......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 14
List of Videos......Page 18
Acknowledgements......Page 20
Publisher’s Acknowledgements......Page 21
Part 1 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS AND COMPONENTS......Page 22
1.1 Introduction......Page 24
1.2 Système International units......Page 25
1.4 Electrical circuits......Page 26
1.6 Resistors, capacitors and inductors......Page 29
1.7 Ohm’s law......Page 30
1.8 Kirchhoff’s laws......Page 31
1.9 Power dissipation in resistors......Page 32
1.11 Resistors in parallel......Page 33
1.12 Resistive potential dividers......Page 34
1.13 Sinusoidal quantities......Page 36
1.14 Circuit symbols......Page 37
Key points......Page 38
Exercises......Page 39
2.1 Introduction......Page 41
2.2 Sine waves......Page 42
2.3 Square waves......Page 49
2.4 Measuring voltages and currents......Page 50
2.5 Analogue ammeters and voltmeters......Page 51
2.6 Digital multimeters......Page 55
2.7 Oscilloscopes......Page 56
Key points......Page 59
Exercises......Page 60
3.2 Current and charge......Page 63
3.3 Voltage sources......Page 64
3.5 Resistance and Ohm’s law......Page 65
3.6 Resistors in series and parallel......Page 66
3.7 Kirchhoff’s laws......Page 68
3.8 Thévenin’s theorem and Norton’s theorem......Page 70
3.9 Superposition......Page 74
3.10 Nodal analysis......Page 77
3.11 Mesh analysis......Page 79
3.13 Choice of techniques......Page 83
Key points......Page 84
Exercises......Page 85
4.2 Capacitors and capacitance......Page 90
4.3 Capacitors and alternating voltages and currents......Page 92
4.4 The effect of a capacitor’s dimensions on its capacitance......Page 93
4.5 Electric field strength and electric flux density......Page 94
4.6 Capacitors in series and in parallel......Page 96
4.7 Relationship between voltage and current in a capacitor......Page 98
4.8 Sinusoidal voltages and currents......Page 99
4.10 Circuit symbols......Page 100
Key points......Page 101
Exercises......Page 102
5.2 Electromagnetism......Page 104
5.4 Inductance......Page 108
5.5 Self-inductance......Page 109
5.6 Inductors......Page 110
5.8 Relationship between voltage and current in an inductor......Page 112
5.9 Sinusoidal voltages and currents......Page 114
5.11 Mutual inductance......Page 115
5.12 Transformers......Page 117
5.13 Circuit symbols......Page 118
5.14 The use of inductance in sensors......Page 119
Further study......Page 120
Exercises......Page 121
6.1 Introduction......Page 124
6.2 Relationship between voltage and current......Page 125
6.3 Reactance of inductors and capacitors......Page 126
6.4 Phasor diagrams......Page 129
6.5 Impedance......Page 135
6.6 Complex notation......Page 136
Key points......Page 142
Exercises......Page 143
7.2 Power dissipation in resistive components......Page 146
7.3 Power in capacitors......Page 147
7.5 Power in circuits with resistance and reactance......Page 148
7.6 Active and reactive power......Page 150
7.7 Power factor correction......Page 152
7.8 Three-phase systems......Page 153
Further study......Page 154
Exercises......Page 155
8.2 Two-port networks......Page 157
8.3 The decibel (dB)......Page 159
8.4 Frequency response......Page 161
8.5 A high-pass RC network......Page 162
8.6 A low-pass RC network......Page 166
8.7 A low-pass RL network......Page 169
8.8 A high-pass RL network......Page 170
8.9 A comparison of RC and RL networks......Page 171
8.10 Bode diagrams......Page 172
8.11 Combining the effects of several stages......Page 173
8.12 RLC circuits and resonance......Page 175
8.13 Filters......Page 180
8.14 Stray capacitance and inductance......Page 184
Key points......Page 185
Exercises......Page 186
9.2 Charging of capacitors and energizing of inductors......Page 189
9.3 Discharging of capacitors and de-energising of inductors......Page 193
9.4 Generalised response of first-order systems......Page 195
9.5 Second-order systems......Page 200
Further study......Page 201
Exercises......Page 202
10.2 A simple AC generator......Page 205
10.3 A simple DC generator......Page 207
10.4 DC generators or dynamos......Page 209
10.5 AC generators or alternators......Page 210
10.6 DC motors......Page 211
10.7 AC motors......Page 212
10.9 Stepper motors......Page 214
10.10 Electrical machines – a summary......Page 216
Exercises......Page 217
Part 2 ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS......Page 220
11.1 Introduction......Page 222
11.3 Systems......Page 223
11.4 System inputs and outputs......Page 224
11.5 Physical quantities and electrical signals......Page 225
11.6 System block diagrams......Page 227
Further study......Page 228
Exercises......Page 229
12.1 Introduction......Page 230
12.2 Describing sensor performance......Page 231
12.3 Temperature sensors......Page 233
12.4 Light sensors......Page 234
12.5 Force sensors......Page 237
12.6 Displacement sensors......Page 238
12.7 Motion sensors......Page 243
12.8 Sound sensors......Page 244
12.9 Sensor interfacing......Page 245
Further study......Page 248
Exercises......Page 249
13.2 H eat actuators......Page 251
13.3 Light actuators......Page 252
13.4 Force, displacement and motion actuators......Page 254
13.5 Sound actuators......Page 256
13.6 Actuator interfacing......Page 257
13.7 Actuators – a summary......Page 258
Exercises......Page 260
14.1 Introduction......Page 262
14.2 Electronic amplifiers......Page 264
14.3 Sources and loads......Page 265
14.4 Equivalent circuit of an amplifier......Page 267
14.5 Output power......Page 271
14.6 Power gain......Page 274
14.7 Frequency response and bandwidth......Page 275
14.8 Differential amplifiers......Page 276
14.9 Simple amplifiers......Page 278
Key points......Page 279
Exercises......Page 280
15.1 Introduction......Page 282
15.2 Open-loop and closed-loop systems......Page 283
15.3 Automatic control systems......Page 284
15.4 Feedback systems......Page 286
15.5 Negative feedback......Page 288
15.6 The effects of negative feedback......Page 292
Further study......Page 295
Exercises......Page 296
16.1 Introduction......Page 299
16.3 Some basic operational amplifier circuits......Page 301
16.4 Some other useful circuits......Page 306
16.5 Real operational amplifiers......Page 315
16.6 Selecting component values for op-amp circuits......Page 319
16.7 The effects of feedback on op-amp circuits......Page 320
Further study......Page 323
Key points......Page 324
Exercises......Page 325
17.2 Electrical properties of solids......Page 330
17.3 Semiconductors......Page 331
17.4 pn junctions......Page 333
17.5 Diodes......Page 336
17.6 Semiconductor diodes......Page 337
17.7 Special-purpose diodes......Page 345
17.8 Diode circuits......Page 349
Key points......Page 354
Exercises......Page 355
18.2 An overview of field-effect transistors......Page 357
18.3 Insulated-gate field-effect transistors......Page 359
18.4 Junction-gate field-effect transistors......Page 361
18.5 FET characteristics......Page 363
18.6 FET amplifiers......Page 371
18.7 Other FET applications......Page 393
18.8 FET circuit examples......Page 399
Key points......Page 402
Exercises......Page 403
19.2 An overview of bipolar transistors......Page 406
19.3 Bipolar transistor operation......Page 408
19.4 A simple amplifier......Page 411
19.5 Bipolar transistor characteristics......Page 412
19.6 Bipolar amplifier circuits......Page 421
19.7 Bipolar transistor applications......Page 458
19.8 Circuit examples......Page 461
Further study......Page 463
Key points......Page 464
Exercises......Page 465
20.1 Introduction......Page 470
20.2 Bipolar transistor power amplifiers......Page 471
20.3 Classes of amplifier......Page 474
20.4 Power amplifiers......Page 477
20.5 Four-layer devices......Page 482
20.6 Power supplies and voltage regulators......Page 487
Key points......Page 492
Exercises......Page 493
21.1 Introduction......Page 496
21.2 Bipolar operational amplifiers......Page 497
21.3 CMOS operational amplifiers......Page 502
21.5 BiMOS operational amplifiers......Page 506
Exercises......Page 507
22.1 Introduction......Page 509
22.2 Noise sources......Page 510
22.3 Representing noise sources within equivalent circuits......Page 513
22.6 Signal-to-noise ratio......Page 514
22.7 Noise figure......Page 515
22.8 Designing for low-noise applications......Page 516
22.9 Electromagnetic compatibility......Page 517
22.10 Designing for EMC......Page 522
Key points......Page 531
Exercises......Page 532
23.2 Oscillators......Page 533
23.3 Stability......Page 540
Exercises......Page 545
24.2 Binary quantities and variables......Page 548
24.3 Logic gates......Page 552
24.4 Boolean algebra......Page 556
24.5 Combinational logic......Page 558
24.6 Boolean algebraic manipulation......Page 563
24.7 Algebraic simplification......Page 566
24.8 Karnaugh maps......Page 568
24.9 Automated methods of minimisation......Page 575
24.10 Propagation delay and hazards......Page 576
24.11 Number systems and binary arithmetic......Page 578
24.12 Numeric and alphabetic codes......Page 589
24.13 Examples of combinational logic design......Page 595
Further study......Page 601
Key points......Page 602
Exercises......Page 603
25.1 Introduction......Page 607
25.2 Bistables......Page 608
25.3 Monostables or one-shots......Page 618
25.4 Astables......Page 619
25.5 Timers......Page 621
25.6 Memory registers......Page 623
25.7 Shift registers......Page 624
25.8 Counters......Page 627
25.9 Design of sequential logic circuits......Page 635
Further study......Page 646
Key points......Page 647
Exercises......Page 648
26.1 Introduction......Page 651
26.2 Gate characteristics......Page 653
26.3 Logic families......Page 659
26.4 TTL......Page 669
26.5 CMOS......Page 680
26.6 Interfacing TTL and CMOS or logic using different supply voltages......Page 694
26.7 Power dissipation in digital systems......Page 696
26.8 Noise and EMC in digital systems......Page 698
Key points......Page 704
Exercises......Page 705
27.1 Introduction......Page 709
27.2 Array logic......Page 710
27.3 Microprocessors......Page 730
27.5 Programmable logic controllers (PLCs)......Page 765
27.6 Single-board computers and microcontrollers......Page 766
Further study......Page 770
Key points......Page 771
Exercises......Page 772
28.2 Sampling......Page 774
28.4 Data converters......Page 776
28.5 Sample and hold gates......Page 783
28.6 Multiplexing......Page 784
Exercises......Page 787
29.1 Introduction......Page 789
29.2 The communications channel......Page 791
29.3 Modulation......Page 794
29.5 Multiplexing......Page 808
29.6 Radio receivers......Page 809
29.7 Microwave communication......Page 811
29.8 Fibre-optic communication......Page 813
Further study......Page 814
Exercises......Page 815
30.2 Design methodology......Page 817
30.3 Choice of technology......Page 819
30.4 Electronic design tools......Page 823
Key points......Page 827
Exercises......Page 828
Appendices A Symbols......Page 829
B SI units and prefixes......Page 832
C Op-amp circuits......Page 834
D Complex numbers......Page 839
E Answers to selected exercises......Page 844
A......Page 847
B......Page 848
C......Page 849
D......Page 850
F......Page 852
H......Page 853
K......Page 854
M......Page 855
O......Page 856
P......Page 857
R......Page 858
S......Page 859
T......Page 861
Z......Page 862