Electron Spin Resonance and Related Phenomena in Low-Dimensional Structures

✍ Scribed by Marco Fanciulli

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2009
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 247
• Series: Topics in Applied Physics
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book is devoted to the discussion of the state of the art of spin resonance in low dimensional structures, such as two -dimensional electron systems, quantum wires, and quantum dots. World leading scientists in the field report on recent advances and discuss open issues and perspectives. Frontiers and opportunities for spin resonance techniques, with particular emphasis on fundamental physics, nanoelectronics, spintronics and quantum information processing, are discussed.

✦ Table of Contents

FANCIULLIPRE......Page 1
Photon Assisted Tunneling in Quantum Dots......Page 0
Introduction......Page 2
Theory......Page 3
Results......Page 5
Conclusions......Page 12
References......Page 13
Introduction......Page 14
Single Spin Manipulation......Page 15
Oscillating Magnetic Field......Page 16
Slanting Zeeman Field......Page 18
Formulation......Page 22
Hybrid Double Dots......Page 26
Double QD with Slanting Zeeman Field......Page 29
References......Page 30
FANCIULLI03......Page 33
The Conventional NMR of Bloch and Purcell......Page 34
Electrical Detection of the NMR in GaAs/AlGaAs in 1988......Page 35
The Strong Overhauser Field of GaAs/AlGaAs......Page 36
Nuclear-Spin Dependent Transport in the Quantum Hall Regime......Page 37
Resistive NMR Lineshapes......Page 38
Skyrmions in the Ground State of Quantum Hall......Page 40
Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time Measurements......Page 41
T1 and the Evidence for a Skyrmion Crystal......Page 42
T1 in the Electron Solid Phases of GaAs/AlGaAs......Page 43
NMR in Quantum Electronic Structures of GaAs/AlGaAs......Page 44
NMR on a Chip: Quantum Coherent Control of the Nuclear Spins at the Nanoscale......Page 45
References......Page 46
Introduction......Page 48
Experiment......Page 50
Electron g-Factor......Page 51
Creation of Spin Coherence by Spin Initialization......Page 53
Electron Spin Coherence......Page 62
Summary......Page 74
References......Page 75
Introduction......Page 77
Measurements of a Single Spin in the SiO2 of a Submicron Si Field-Effect-Transistor......Page 79
Statistical Measurements......Page 80
Detection of Electron-Spin-Resonance (ESR) of a Single Spin......Page 84
Single Shot Measurement......Page 86
Fabrication and Characterization of Electrostatically Confined Quantum-Dot Structures in Si/SiGe Heterostructures......Page 87
Demonstration of a One-Electron Quantum Dot......Page 88
Characterization of the Spin-Transition Sequence......Page 91
Single-Shot Measurement......Page 92
References......Page 94
FANCIULLI06......Page 97
Introduction......Page 98
Silicon Quantum Devices......Page 99
Spins and Valleys......Page 102
ESR in Silicon Quantum Wells......Page 103
Samples......Page 105
ESR Measurements......Page 106
Decoherence Analysis......Page 107
Results......Page 109
References......Page 111
Mechanism of Electrical Detection......Page 123
Determination of Spin Relaxation Times......Page 127
References......Page 132
Introduction......Page 134
Relaxation Time Scales......Page 135
Fidelity......Page 136
Arbitrary Initial States......Page 138
Decoherence of Double Quantum Dot Charge Qubits......Page 139
Model......Page 140
Piezoelectric Interaction......Page 141
Deformation Interaction......Page 143
Relaxation During the NOT Gate......Page 144
Dephasing During a Phase Gate......Page 147
Qubit Error Estimates......Page 148
Additivity of Decoherence Measures......Page 150
The Maximal Deviation Norm......Page 151
Upper Bound for Measure of Decoherence......Page 153
References......Page 155
FANCIULLI09......Page 160
Quantum Computing with Phosphorus in Silicon......Page 161
Coupled Pairs of Phosphorus Donors as Charge Qubits......Page 162
Coherent Manipulation......Page 163
Single Ion Detection with Integrated p-i-n Diodes......Page 164
Charge Sensing with Superconducting RF-SETs......Page 165
Layout and Performance of RF-SET Measurements......Page 166
Charge Transfer in Atomically Doped Devices......Page 167
Contacting Atomically Doped Devices......Page 168
Magnetic Resonance in Nanoscale Implanted Devices......Page 169
Acknowledgements......Page 171
References......Page 172
Introduction......Page 174
The Bloch-Wangsness-Redfield Master Equation......Page 177
Finite Frequency Phase Fluctuations and Coherence Decay in the Semiclassical-Gaussian Approximation......Page 179
General Results for the Short Time Behavior......Page 182
Example: The Gauss-Markov Model......Page 183
A Train of Hahn Echoes: The Carr-Purcell Sequence and Coherence Control......Page 184
Single Spin Measurement Versus Ensemble Experiments: Different Coherence Times?......Page 185
The Electron-Nuclear Spin Hamiltonian......Page 187
Electron-Nuclear Spin Evolution in the Secular Approximation......Page 189
Inhomogeneous Broadening Due to the Isotropic Hyperfine Interaction......Page 190
Beyond the Secular Approximation: Nuclear-Nuclear Interactions Mediated by the Electron Spin Hyperfine Interaction......Page 191
Microscopic Calculation of the Nuclear Spin Noise Spectrum and Electron Spin Decoherence......Page 193
Nuclear Spin Noise......Page 194
Mean Field Theory of Noise Broadening: Quasiparticle Lifetimes......Page 197
Effective Mass Model for a Phosphorus Impurity in Silicon......Page 200
Explicit Calculations of the Nuclear Spin Noise Spectrum and Electron Spin Echo Decay of a Phosphorus Impurity in Silicon......Page 201
Conclusions and Outlook for the Future......Page 206
Acknowledgments......Page 208
References......Page 209
FANCIULLI11......Page 211
Shallow Impurities in an External Field......Page 213
Envelope Function Approximation......Page 214
The Central Cell Correction......Page 215
Phosphorous Impurity in Silicon......Page 216
Theoretical Results: Si:P......Page 217
The Core Correction Contribution......Page 218
Stark Effect......Page 219
Electric Field Dependence of Super-Hyperfine Constants......Page 222
Confinement Effects......Page 224
Conclusions......Page 227
References......Page 228
Introduction......Page 230
Theory of Photon Assisted Tunneling in Quantum Dots......Page 231
Hamiltonian Formalism of Tunneling under Microwave Irradiation......Page 232
Tunneling in Quantum Dots under Microwave Irradiation......Page 233
Typical Regimes of Operation......Page 235
Single Dots......Page 236
Double Dots......Page 237
Experimental Setup......Page 239
Experimental Results......Page 240
Experimental Setup......Page 241
Experimental Results......Page 243
Conclusions......Page 245
References......Page 246