Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Random Rough Surfaces: Asymptotic Models

✍ Scribed by Nicolas Pinel, Christophe Boulier

• Publisher: Wiley-ISTE
• Year: 2013
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 162
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Electromagnetic wave scattering from random rough surfaces is an active, interdisciplinary area of research with myriad practical applications in fields such as optics, acoustics, geoscience and remote sensing.
Focusing on the case of random rough surfaces, this book presents classical asymptotic models used to describe electromagnetic wave scattering. The authors begin by outlining the basic concepts relevant to the topic before moving on to look at the derivation of the scattered field under asymptotic models, based on the Kirchhoff-tangent plane, in order to calculate both the scattered field and the statistical average intensity.
More elaborated asymptotic models are also described for dealing with specific cases, and numerical results are presented to illustrate these models. Comparisons with a reference numerical method are made to confirm and refine the theoretical validity domains.
The final chapter derives the expressions of the scattering intensities of random rough surfaces under the asymptotic models. Its expressions are given for their incoherent contributions, from statistical calculations. These results are then compared with numerical computations using a Monte-Carlo process, as well as with experimental models, for sea surface backscattering.

Contents

1. Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Random Rough Surfaces: Basics.
2. Derivation of the Scattered Field under Asymptotic Models.
3. Derivation of the Normalized Radar Cross-Section under Asymptotic Models.
APPENDIX 1. Far-Field Scattered Fields under the Method of Stationary Phase.
APPENDIX 2. Calculation of the Scattering Coefficients under the GO for 3D Problems.

About the Authors

Nicolas Pinel worked as a Research Engineer at the IETR (Institut d’Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes) laboratory at Polytech Nantes (University of Nantes, France) before joining Alyotech Technologies in Rennes, France, in July 2013. His research interests are in the areas of radar and optical remote sensing, scattering and propagation. In particular, he works on asymptotic methods of electromagnetic wave scattering from random rough surfaces and layers.
Christophe Bourlier works at the IETR (Institut d’Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes) laboratory at Polytech Nantes (University of Nantes, France) and is also a Researcher at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) on electromagnetic wave scattering from rough surfaces and objects for remote sensing applications and radar signatures. He is the author of more than 160 journal articles and conference papers.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover......Page 1
Title Page
......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
Preface
......Page 11
Introduction
......Page 12
1.1. Introduction......Page 13
1.2.1. Maxwell equations and boundary conditions......Page 14
1.2.2. Propagation of a plane wave (Helmholtz equation and plane wave)......Page 17
1.2.3. Incident wave at an interface: polarization......Page 19
1.3.1. Statistical description of random rough surfaces......Page 24
1.3.2. Specific case of sea surfaces......Page 31
1.3.3. Electromagnetic roughness and Rayleigh roughness criterion......Page 33
1.4.1. Presentation of the problem (2D/3D)......Page 40
1.4.2. Huygens’ principle and extinction theorem......Page 42
1.4.3. Green functions (2D/3D)......Page 45
1.4.4. Scattered powers and scattering coefficients......Page 48
CHAPTER 2. DERIVATION OF THE SCATTERED FIELD UNDER ASYMPTOTIC MODELS......Page 53
2.1.1. Introduction......Page 54
2.1.2. Rigorous models......Page 55
2.1.3. Asymptotic models......Page 56
2.1.4. General properties of scattering......Page 64
2.1.5. A few details on the KA and the GO......Page 67
2.2.1. KA in reflection and transmission with shadowing effect for 2D problems......Page 70
2.2.2. Extension of the KA model to 3D problems......Page 74
2.3.1. Context and specific notations......Page 81
2.3.2. The small perturbation model......Page 83
2.3.3. The Kirchhoff approximation–high-frequency regime......Page 85
2.3.5. The small slope approximation......Page 87
2.3.7. The resonant curvature approximation......Page 88
2.3.8. Validation of the different asymptotic numerical models for 2D problems......Page 89
CHAPTER 3. DERIVATION OF THE NORMALIZED RADAR CROSS-SECTION UNDER ASYMPTOTIC MODELS......Page 93
3.1.1. Incoherent NRCS under the GO with shadowing effect for 2D problems......Page 94
3.1.2. Calculation of the bistatic shadowing functions in reflection and transmission......Page 98
3.2.1. General properties of the GO for 2D problems......Page 109
3.2.2. Study of energy conservation under the GO for 2D problems......Page 111
3.3. Scattering coefficients under the GO with shadowing effect for 3D problems......Page 120
3.4. Energy conservation of the GO model for 3D problems......Page 123
3.4.1. Case of a perfectly conducting lower medium......Page 124
3.4.2. Case of a lossless dielectric lower medium......Page 127
3.5. Scattering in reflection for 3D problems under various asymptotic models......Page 129
3.5.2. Expression of the NRCS under the GO......Page 130
3.5.4. Validation and comparison of the different asymptotic analytical models for 2D problems......Page 131
3.5.5. Comparison between numerical and analytical asymptotic models for 3D problems......Page 133
APPENDIX 1. FAR-FIELD SCATTERED FIELDS UNDER THE METHOD OF STATIONARY PHASE......Page 137
APPENDIX 2. CALCULATION OF THE SCATTERING COEFFICIENTS UNDER THE GO FOR 3D PROBLEMS......Page 143
Bibliography
......Page 149
Index
......Page 161