Electrochemically Assisted Covalent Modification of Carbon Electrodes

✍ Scribed by Alison J. Downard

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2000
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 193 KB
• Volume: 12
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 1040-0397
• DOI: 10.1002/1521-4109(200010)12:14<1085::aid-elan1085>3.0.co;2-a

✦ Synopsis

A comprehensive review of the methods, scope and applications of electrochemically assisted covalently modi®ed carbon electrodes is presented. Methods involve the oxidation of amines or arylacetates or the reduction of aryl diazonium cations. For these species it is proposed that a radical formed in solution at the carbon surface couples with the surface via a covalent bond to a surface C. In an alternative strategy, oxidation of GC electrodes in anhydrous alcohols is assumed to produce a surface-based radical which reacts with alcohols giving an ether link with the surface. Some less characterized and=or related methods are also described. A wide range of groups has been covalently linked to carbon surfaces using these methods and further modi®cations of initially formed monolayers have also been successful. Applications of covalently modi®ed electrodes are reviewed; these range from formation of improved carbon composite materials to preparation of new sensing surfaces and formation of carbon surfaces with controlled structure for studies of electron transfer activity.