Electric Drives

✍ Scribed by Marcel Jufer(auth.)

• Publisher: Wiley-ISTE
• Year: 2010
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 228
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

An electric drive that is designed or adapted to a specific application must take into account all the elements of the chain of constituent elements in its use and deployment. In addition to the motor, the transmission, power electronics, control, sensors, and electrical protection systems must be taken into account.

The motor and the transmission can be optimized and designed to obtain the best energy efficiency assessment, in particular for dynamic nodes. An inventory and a characterization of these various components is proposed as part of this book’s examination and explanation of the different technology elements, as well as a dynamic model of the system, with the whole system constituting a methodology for integrated electric drive design.

Content:
Chapter 1 Introduction – Electric Drive Components (pages 1–4): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 2 Driven Bodies (pages 5–14): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 3 Transmission (pages 15–40): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 4 Motors (pages 41–86): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 5 Motors (pages 87–100): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 6 Global Design of an Electric Drive (pages 101–118): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 7 Heating and Thermal Limits (pages 119–136): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 8 Electrical Peripherals (pages 137–148): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 9 Electronic Peripherals (pages 149–158): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 10 Sensors (pages 159–186): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 11 Direct Drives (pages 187–206): Marcel Jufer
Chapter 12 Integrated Drives (pages 207–212): Marcel Jufer

✦ Table of Contents

Title Page......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Contents......Page 4
1.1. Definition......Page 11
1.2. Electric drive components......Page 12
2.2. Reference or rated running......Page 14
2.3. Transient behavior......Page 15
2.4.1. Basic data
......Page 16
2.4.2. Characteristics of regulation......Page 17
2.4.3. Start-up and braking characteristics......Page 18
2.4.5. Characteristics of the peripheral devices......Page 19
2.4.6. Thermal aspect......Page 20
2.4.8. Specification list......Page 21
3.1.1. Rotating-rotating transmissions
......Page 24
3.1.2. Rotating-linear transmissions......Page 26
3.2.1. Characteristics
......Page 29
3.2.2. Choice criteria......Page 30
3.3. Speed adaptation......Page 31
3.4.2. Dynamic equations......Page 32
3.4.3. Mechanical time constant......Page 36
3.4.4. Acceleration......Page 38
3.5.1. Aim
......Page 40
3.5.2. Smoothing the speed oscillations......Page 41
3.5.3. Torque pulses......Page 42
3.6.1. Aim
......Page 45
3.6.2. Speed profile......Page 46
4.1. Characterization......Page 50
4.3.1. Structure......Page 51
4.3.2. Equivalent electric scheme......Page 52
4.3.3. Characteristics of current and torque withconstant frequency......Page 53
4.3.4. Two-speed motor ? Dahlander’s coupling......Page 57
4.3.5. Characteristics of current and torque withvariable frequency......Page 58
4.3.6. Wound induction motor......Page 60
4.3.7. Single-phase induction motor......Page 62
4.4.1. Structure
......Page 63
4.4.2. Equivalent electric scheme......Page 64
4.4.3. Torque and current characteristics......Page 65
4.4.5. Applications......Page 70
4.5.1. Structure
......Page 71
4.5.2. Equivalent circuit......Page 73
4.5.3. Torque characteristics with imposed current......Page 74
4.5.4. Torque characteristics with imposed voltage......Page 75
4.5.5. Self-commutated mode......Page 76
4.5.6. Angle ε adaptation for a constant voltage supply......Page 78
4.5.7. Applications......Page 81
4.6.1. Structure and characteristics
......Page 82
4.6.2. Driver and applications......Page 83
4.7.1. Induction motors......Page 84
4.7.2. Synchronous motors......Page 85
4.7.3. Moving coil motors......Page 86
4.8.1. Piezoelectric motors......Page 90
4.8.2. Applications......Page 92
4.8.3. Piezoelectric activators......Page 93
4.9. Appendix ? BLDC motor characterisitcs......Page 94
5.1.1. Typology......Page 95
5.1.2. Aim of the scaling laws
......Page 96
5.2.2. Resistances and inductances
......Page 97
5.2.3. Heating
......Page 98
5.2.4. Induction and reluctance motors
......Page 99
5.2.5. Permanent magnet motors
......Page 101
5.2.6. Example
......Page 102
5.3.1. Torque......Page 104
5.3.2.Comparison
......Page 105
5.3.4. Acceleration
......Page 106
6.1. Introduction......Page 108
6.2.1. Position transfer......Page 109
6.2.2. Movement equation with a transmission
......Page 110
6.2.3. Solving
......Page 112
6.3.2. Drive chosen by the manufacturer
......Page 114
6.3.3. New drive with the same motor type
......Page 117
6.3.4. Drive design with a motor of a given type
......Page 121
6.3.5. High performance motor
......Page 122
6.4. Conclusions......Page 124
7.1. Heating importance......Page 126
7.2.2. Convection and radiation
......Page 127
7.2.3. Global phenomenon
......Page 128
7.2.4. Resolution
......Page 130
7.2.6. Start-up
......Page 131
7.2.7. Variable behavior
......Page 132
7.3.2. No-load direct start-up ? induction motor
......Page 133
7.3.3. No-load direct start up ? DC motor
......Page 134
7.3.5.Variable voltage start-up ? DC motor
......Page 136
7.4.1. Techniques used
......Page 137
7.4.2. Air cooling
......Page 138
7.4.3. Water cooling
......Page 140
8.2. Sources......Page 143
8.3.1. Principle......Page 144
8.3.2. Autotransformer
......Page 145
8.3.3. Star-triangle start-up
......Page 148
8.4.2. Start-up resistance
......Page 149
8.4.3. Start-up inductance
......Page 150
8.4.4. Example
......Page 152
9.1. Power electronic......Page 154
9.2.1. Basic structure......Page 155
9.3.1. Basic structure......Page 156
9.3.2. Active H bridge
......Page 157
9.3.3. Half-H bridge
......Page 158
9.4.1. Basic structure......Page 159
9.4.3. 120 degree commutation
......Page 160
9.4.4. 180 degree commutation
......Page 162
10.1.2. Position and speed
......Page 164
10.1.3. Sensor types
......Page 165
10.2.1. Principle
......Page 166
10.2.2. Performances
......Page 167
10.3.2. Applications
......Page 168
10.4.2. Applications: simple sensor with variable selfinductance
......Page 169
10.4.3. Linear variable differential transformer
......Page 170
10.5.1. Principle......Page 173
10.6.1. Inductosyn sensors......Page 175
10.6.2. Capacitive sensors
......Page 177
10.6.3. Sensors by potentiometer
......Page 179
10.7.2. Back-EMF
......Page 180
10.7.3. Saturation level measurement
......Page 181
10.7.4. Detection of the third harmonic......Page 183
10.8.1. Problems......Page 184
10.8.3. Elasticity......Page 185
10.9.3. Current transformer......Page 186
10.9.4. Current measurement per Hall probe......Page 187
10.10.2. Over-current and over-voltage......Page 188
10.10.4. Other types of protection......Page 189
11.1.1. Methodology......Page 191
11.1.2. Specific surface force......Page 192
11.1.3. Permanent magnet motors......Page 193
11.1.4. Induction motor......Page 196
11.1.5. Comparison......Page 199
11.1.6. Linear PM motor......Page 200
11.1.7. Conclusions......Page 203
11.2.2. Torque......Page 204
11.3.1. Specifications......Page 207
11.3.3. Classic motor with gearbox......Page 208
11.3.4. Choice
......Page 210
12.1. Principle......Page 211
12.2.1. Motor and electronics
......Page 212
12.2.2. System......Page 213
12.2.3. Transmission integration......Page 215
12.2.4. Applications......Page 216
Symbols......Page 217
Indices......Page 221
Bibliography
......Page 224
Index......Page 226