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Eicosapentaenoic acid up-regulates apelin secretion and gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

✍ Scribed by Silvia Lorente-Cebrián; Matilde Bustos; Amelia Marti; José Alfredo Martinez; María Jesús Moreno-Aliaga

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2010
Tongue
English
Weight
267 KB
Volume
54
Category
Article
ISSN
1613-4125

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Recent studies have shown the ability of apelin to restore glucose tolerance in obese and insulin‐resistant mice. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) from the omega‐3 family that has many beneficial effects in obesity‐linked disorders. The aim of this study was to examine in vitro the effects of EPA on apelin secretion and gene expression in mature 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Treatment with EPA (100 and 200 μM) significantly increased basal (p<0.01) and insulin‐stimulated (p<0.001) apelin secretion and gene expression in adipocytes. EPA also stimulated Akt phosphorylation, a down‐stream target of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K), in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Moreover, treatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 completely blocked EPA‐stimulatory action on apelin mRNA gene expression (p<0.001), but not modified the stimulatory effect of EPA on basal apelin secretion. Furthermore, the stimulatory effect of EPA on basal apelin release was also observed in the presence of Actinomycin D and Cycloheximide, suggesting that EPA might also regulate apelin secretion by via post‐transcriptional mechanisms. These findings suggest that the mechanisms mediating EPA‐induced apelin synthesis and/or secretion are complex, involving steps that are PI3K dependent and steps that are PI3K independent.

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