Effect of retinoic acid on otic capsule chondrogenesis in high-density culture suggests disruption of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions
✍ Scribed by Frenz, Dorothy A.; Liu, Wei
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1997
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 335 KB
- Volume
- 56
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0040-3709
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✦ Synopsis
Previous studies have shown that in utero exposure of the mouse embryo to nonphysiological levels of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) produces malformations of the epithelial-derived auditory and vestibular receptors of the inner ear and its surrounding cartilaginous capsule. In this study, we demonstrate the effects of all-trans RA in high-density cultures of the periotic mesenchyme fated to form the otic capsule. Our results demonstrate an inhibition of chondrogenesis in cultured periotic mesenchyme ϩ otic epithelium of embryonic age E10.5 days (E10.5) in response to all-trans RA exposure. However, at later stages of development (i.e., E12, E14), when epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are no longer required for initiation of chondrogenesis, exposure to this teratogen has no effect on the chondrogenic process. Two analogues of all-trans RA, i.e., cis-RA and trans-retinol, were investigated for their biological activity in chondrogenic cultures of inner ear mesenchyme ϩ epithelium. Moreover, we tested the inductive capability and responsiveness of in utero RA-exposed inner ear tissues when cultured with inner ear tissues that were not exposed to this teratogen. Our results support the hypothesis that all-trans RA disrupts otic capsule formation by interfering with the tissue interactions required for its normal differentiation and development.