A preliminary survey was carried out of the marine algae in the Mar Piccolo Basin, Taranto (southern Italy), in order to assess the degree of sewage pollution and to determine the presence of any economically important species that might be productively utilized . The following commercial species, belonging to a drift algal community, were found : Gracilaria bursa pastoris, G . cf. verrucosa, Solieria sp . and S . filiformis . The species showed an aggregated distribution within the community and a clear cyclic annual pattern . Gracilaria bursa pastoris exhibited the highest mean biomass values in May, whereas Solieria spp . were the most abundant in October . At the present time, only the harvesting of G . bursa pastoris appears profitable . However, further detailed studies are required to more fully assess the standing crop of the Solieria spp . and G . cf. verrucosa . Considering the environmental situation in the basin, it might be more appropriate to cultivate, rather than harvest, these commercially important seaweeds . With the large number of sewage outlet plants available in the basin, the cultivation of seaweeds in a wastewater treatment-aquaculture system should be considered .