Ecological Knowledge and Environmental Problem-Solving: Concepts and Case Studies

✍ Scribed by National Research Council

• Publisher: National Academies Press
• Year: 1986
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 401
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

""Ecological Knowledge and Environmental Problem-Solving""
""Copyright""
""Preface""
""Contents""
""Introduction""
""STRUCTURE AND AUDIENCE OF THE REPORT""
""Structure""
""Audience""
""TYPES OF ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE""
""Complex Linkages""
""Density Dependence""
""The Uniqueness of Individuals""
""Keystone Species""
""Biological Magnification""
""Population Fragmentation""
""Stability Boundaries""
""Aggregate Variables""
""Complexity and Uncertainty""
""Scales in Space and Time""
""APPLICATIONS OF ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE""
""Renewable-Resource Management"" ""Conservation of Species""""Control of Pests and Diseases""
""Impact Assessment and Prediction of Effects""
""Preservation of Communities""
""Preservation of Habitat""
""Contaminants and Toxic Substances""
""Mitigation of Effects of Construction""
""Restoration""
""General Applications""
""THE CASE STUDIES""
""RECOMMENDATIONS""
""REFERENCES""
""I Kinds of Ecological Knowledge and Their Applications""
""1 Individuals and Single Populations""
""IDENTIFYING KEY FACTORS""
""BEHAVIOR""
""Habitat Selection""
""Mating Systems""
""Social Interactions""
""POPULATION DYNAMICS"" ""Population Regulation""""Population Stability""
""Dispersion and Population Movements""
""Growth Rates, Age, and Size""
""Age Structure""
""Sex Ratios and Sex Biases""
""GENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY CONCERNS""
""The Evolution of Resistance to Pesticides""
""Genetic Consequences of Differential Harvesting by Sex and Size""
""Genetic Consequences of Small Population Size""
""2 Population Interactions""
""PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS""
""COMPETITIVE INTERACTIONS""
""MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS""
""INDIRECT EFFECTS""
""CONCLUSIONS""
""3 Community Ecology""
""INTRODUCTION"" ""SPECIES COMPOSITION""""FACTORS AFFECTING SPECIES DIVERSITY""
""Predation""
""Competition""
""Productivity""
""Spatial Factors""
""Summary""
""COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION""
""STABILITY AND RESILIENCE OF ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES""
""INVADABILITY""
""SUBSTITUTABILITY""
""ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION""
""CONCLUSIONS""
""4 Materials and Energy ""
""PERTURBATIONS AND PRODUCTIVITY""
""CHEMICAL PATHWAYS AND BIOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION""
""NUTRIENT FLUXES""
""INTERACTIONS AMONG PRODUCTIVITY, BIOMASS, AND NUTRIENTS""
""INDEXES OF ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING""
""CONCLUSIONS"" ""5 Scales in Space and Time""""PATCHINESS AND COMMUNITY COMPOSITION""
""Species-Area Relationship""
""Extinction of Small Populations""
""Patch Geometry and Edge Effects""
""DISTRIBUTION OF PATCHES IN SPACE AND TIME""
""Spatial Considerations""
""Temporal Considerations""
""CONCLUSIONS""
""6 Analog, Generic, and Pilot Studies and Treatment of a Project as an Experiment ""
""INTRODUCTION""
""ANALOG STUDIES""
""GENERIC STUDIES""
""PILOT-SCALE EXPERIMENTS""
""TREATING A PROJECT OR ACTION AS AN EXPERIMENT""
""7 Indicator Species and Biological Monitoring ""

✦ Subjects

Ecology