Earth's Core: Dynamics, Structure, Rotation

• Publisher: American Geophysical Union
• Year: 2003
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 276
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geodynamics Series.

Geomagnetism, dynamo theory, seismology, geodesy, and mineral physics each present significant perspectives on Earth's core. When interelated, scientists gain and invaluable vantage from which to understans the evolution, dynamics, and state of the core. Earth's Core: Dynamics, Structure, Rotation presents a synthesis of current understanding in proactive analyses of Earth core phenomena, including research in core composition, wave-speed variation, magnetic field signatures, core mantle boundary issues, and more.

Content:

✦ Table of Contents

Title Page......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Preface......Page 7
Stephen Zatman Dedication......Page 8
Introduction......Page 9
1. Introduction......Page 12
2. Spectra, Receiver Strips and Splitting Functions
......Page 14
3. Looking for a Time-Dependent Signal
......Page 17
4. Splitting Functions for Real Data
......Page 19
5. Determining the Final Rotation Rates
......Page 22
6. Does the Rotation Rate Depend on the Mantle Correction?
......Page 24
7. Discussion......Page 25
References......Page 27
Study of Inner Core Structure and Rotation Using Seismic Records from Novaya Zemlya Underground Nuclear Tests
......Page 29
On the Origin of Complexity in PKP Travel Time Data.
......Page 37
1. Introduction......Page 38
2. Description of the Datasets and Some Specific Trends
......Page 39
3. Complex Inner Core Anisotropy or Strong Heterogeneity at the Base of the Mantle?
......Page 41
4. Different Global Projections of the PKP Travel Time Residuals
......Page 43
5. Possible Alternative Models to the Hemispherical Inner Core Anisotropy
......Page 46
6. Conclusions......Page 47
References......Page 49
Three-Dimensional Structure and Differential Rotation of the Inner Core
......Page 51
2. 3-D Structure of the Inner Core
......Page 52
3. Observations of Inner-Core Rotation
......Page 60
4. Potential Biases in Determination of Inner-Core Rotation
......Page 64
5. Discussion and Conclusion
......Page 66
References......Page 67
Inner Core Rotation: A Critical Appraisal......Page 70
Introduction......Page 71
The Structure of the Inner Core and the Departure from Cylindrical Symmetry
......Page 72
Inner Core Rotation: Investigations at the Worldwide Scale
......Page 76
Inner Core Rotation: Evidence Fromresidual Variations Along Particular Paths
......Page 78
Discussion and Conclusion
......Page 83
References......Page 85
1. Introduction......Page 88
2. Birch's Phase Diagram of Iron in the T-V Plane
......Page 89
3. The Three Established Triple Points
......Page 90
4. The Values of ̿V at Phase Boundaries and Triple Points......Page 92
5. The є Iron Solidus Melting Curve......Page 94
6. Relationship Between γeff and Electronic Specific Heat
......Page 97
7. Evaluation of the Integration Constant and Thermal Pressure for Tmp
......Page 98
8. The Assembled Phase Diagram......Page 99
9. Implications for the Earth's Core
......Page 100
10. Considerations Concerning Two Additional Solid Phases Added to the Five Well-Established Phase
......Page 105
References......Page 106
Solidification of the Earth's Core
......Page 109
1. Introduction......Page 110
2. Review of Alloy Phase Diagrams
......Page 111
3. Composition and Phase Diagram of the Core
......Page 112
4. Review of Directional Solidification and Crystal Growth of Metallic Alloys
......Page 115
5. Crystal Growth in the Core
......Page 117
7. Compositional Convection in the Outercore Driven by Solidification
......Page 123
References......Page 127
Introduction......Page 132
Discussion and Application
......Page 135
References......Page 138
1. Introduction......Page 140
2. Geophysical Background......Page 141
3. Mineral Physics Methods......Page 145
4. Physical Properties of Dense Iron
......Page 149
5. Properties of the Inner Core
......Page 155
6. Conclusions and Outlook
......Page 158
References......Page 159
Introduction......Page 165
Theory......Page 166
Observation......Page 172
Conclusions......Page 178
References......Page 179
1. Introduction......Page 182
2. Observational Background......Page 183
4. Viscous and Thermal Diffusive Timescales
......Page 184
5. Additional Timescales......Page 185
6. The Smallness of Ro and E
......Page 187
7. Stiff Systems......Page 189
9. Conclusion......Page 191
References......Page 192
1. Introduction......Page 194
2. Core Dynamics and Geodynamo Modeling
......Page 196
4. Gravitational Coupling......Page 200
5. Electromagnetic Coupling......Page 202
6. Topographic Coupling......Page 205
7. Conclusion......Page 207
Appendix A: Angular Momentum Variation of the Core
......Page 209
Appendix B: Partial Slippery Boundary Conditions......Page 210
References......Page 212
1. Introduction......Page 214
2. Radial Core Structure and its Evolution
......Page 215
3. Lateral Variation of Core Structures
......Page 221
4. Future Prospects......Page 227
Appendix: Derivation of Eq.20
......Page 228
References......Page 229
1. Introduction......Page 233
2. Decadal Flows in the Tangent Cylinder
......Page 235
3. Implications for Inner Core Coupling
......Page 236
4. Conclusions......Page 238
References......Page 239
Introduction......Page 241
Density Profile in the Outer Core
......Page 242
Choice of Spheroidal Modes for this Study
......Page 243
Seismic Results for Modified Models
......Page 245
Wobble Periods for Modified Models
......Page 247
Conclusions......Page 248
References......Page 249
1. Introduction......Page 251
2. Geomagnetism and Flow Modeling
......Page 252
3. Core Angular Momentum......Page 254
4. Core-Mantle Coupling Mechanisms
......Page 255
References......Page 258
Introduction......Page 262
Nutation Model......Page 264
Nutations and Topography at the Core Mantle Boundary and at the Inner Core Boundary
......Page 266
Constraint to the Poincare Motion
......Page 267
Electromagnetic Coupling in Mhb2000
......Page 268
Inner Core Viscosity Effects......Page 271
Inner Core Viscosity and Electromagnetic Coupling;results and Discussion
......Page 272
Conclusions......Page 274
References......Page 275