DNA Polymorphisms as Disease Markers

✍ Scribed by Arno G. Motulsky (auth.), D. J. Galton, G. Assmann (eds.)

• Publisher: Springer US
• Year: 1991
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 156
• Series: NATO ASI Series 214
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The purpose of this workshop was to assess the value of DNA polymorphisms for the prediction, diagnosis or elucidation of aetiology for common metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis. The advent of recombinant DNA techniques has produced an explosion in knowledge of restriction site polymorphisms and hypervariable sequences around candidate genes for such common metabolic diseases as atherosclerosis, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes mellitus. These diseases are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in Western societies today. Since 1983 it has become apparent that there is much more variation in the frequency and sites of these DNA polymorphisms in human populations than was initially appreciated and that the majority of these DNA polymorphisms are only linkage markers for the disease. Consequently it was considered timely for laboratories involved in the mapping of these DNA mutations to meet together to discuss the implications of their studies. The main issues are whether such DNA polymorphisms will lead to an identification of major aetiological loci and which are the best techniques to achieve this? What is the cause of the differences in frequencies of such polymorphisms amongst world populations? Are such studies best conducted in homogeneous populations or in pedigrees? Are haplotypes, though more laborious to construct, a better way to proceed than analysis of single site polymorphisms? What are the consensus polymorphic sites that relate to the common metabolic diseases of diabetes, atherosclerosis and the hyperlipidaemias? The real need now to discuss the theoretical background behind the

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter....Pages i-viii
Genetic Approaches to Common Diseases....Pages 1-4
A Candidate Gene Approach to the Genetics of Normal Lipid Variation: DNA Association Studies and Genotype by Environment Interaction....Pages 5-14
Molecular Genetics Approach to Polygenic Disease—Initial Results from Atherosclerosis Research....Pages 15-25
Facilitative Glucose Transporters: Regulation and Possible Role in NIDDM....Pages 27-41
Molecular Genetic Approach to Polygenic Disease: Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM)....Pages 43-59
HDL and Reverse Transport of Cholesterol: Insights from Mutants....Pages 61-70
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphisms and the Genetic Heterogeneity of Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia....Pages 71-77
Abnormalities of Apolipoprotein B Metabolism in the Lipid Clinic....Pages 79-89
Genetic Variation at the APOA-I, C-III, A-IV Gene Complex: A Critical Review of the Associations Between the PSTI and SSTI RFLPS at this Locus with Lipid Disorders....Pages 91-103
The Molecular Basis of the Chylomicronemia Syndrome....Pages 105-109
Lipoprotein Lipase Gene Variants in Subjects with Hypertriglyceridaemia and Coronary Atherosclerosis....Pages 111-121
Atherosclerosis: The Genetic Analysis of a Multi-Factorial Disease....Pages 123-133
RFLP Markers of Familial Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 135-147
DNA Polymorphisms as Disease Markers....Pages 149-155
Back Matter....Pages 157-160

✦ Subjects

Cardiology; Biochemistry, general; Human Genetics