Divine Hiddenness and Human Reason

✍ Scribed by J.L. Schellenberg

• Publisher: Cornell University Press
• Year: 2006
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 240
• Series: Cornell Studies in the Philosophy of Religion)
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Why, if a loving God exists, are there reasonable nonbelievers, people who fail to believe in God but through no fault of their own? In Part 1 of this book, the first full-length treatment of its topic, J. L. Schellenberg argues that when we notice how a relationship with God logically presupposes belief in God, we have grounds to conclude that there would be no reasonable nonbelievers if theism were true, and thus--given their existence--grounds for atheism. This argument, he maintains, is not defeated by any of an array of counterarguments seeking to justify divine hiddenness drawn from the work of such writers as Pascal, Kierkegaard, Butler, and Hick, and from the author's own imagination--arguments meticulously scrutinized in the book's second part. Divine Hiddenness and Human Reason has generated a great deal of interest and discussion since its first publication in 1993 and continues to set the agenda for work on its issues today.

--Richard Swinburne, University of Oxford

In this clearly written and tightly argued book, J. L. Schellenberg addresses a fundamental yet neglected religious problem. If there is a God, he asks, why is his existence not more obvious?

Traditionally, theists have claimed that God is hidden in order to account for the fact that the evidence of his existence is as weak as it is. Schellenberg maintains that, given the understanding of God's moral character to which theists are committed, this claim runs into serious difficulty. There are grounds, the author writes, for thinking that the perfectly loving God of theism would not be hidden, that such a God would put the fact of his existence beyond reasonable nonbelief. Since reasonable nonbelief occurs, Schellenberg argues, it follows that there is here an argument of considerable force for atheism.

In developing his claim, Schellenberg carefully examines the relevant views of such theists as Pascal, Butler, Kierkegaard, Hick, and others. He clarifies their suggestions concerning Divine hiddenness and shows how they fall short of providing a rebuttal for the argument he presents. That argument, he concludes, poses a serious challenge to theism, to which contemporary theists must respond.

The first full-length treatment of its topic, Divine Hiddenness and Human Reason will be of interest to anyone who has sought to reach a conclusion as to God's existence, and especially to theologians and philosophers of religion.

✦ Table of Contents

Acknowledgments
Introduction p. 1
Framing the Argument
Some Epistemic Implications of Divine Love p. 17
Is a Strong Epistemic Situation in Relation to Theism Possible? p. 44
The Reasonableness of Nonbelief p. 58
A Summation of the Case p. 83
The Force of the Argument
Moral Freedom and Its Requirements p. 95
The Importance of Inwardness p. 131
Investigation, Diversity, and Responsibility p. 168
Conclusion p. 208
Index p. 215

✦ Subjects

God hiddenness theism atheism