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Distributed mapping of snow and glaciers for improved runoff modelling

✍ Scribed by Jesko Schaper; Jaroslav Martinec; Klaus Seidel

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1999
Tongue
English
Weight
294 KB
Volume
13
Category
Article
ISSN
0885-6087

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✦ Synopsis

Runo in glacierized alpine basins results from both seasonal snow cover and glacier melt. In this paper we present a case study for an improved runo modelling of the basin Massa-Blatten, 196 km 2 , 1447±4191 m a.s.l. Using high resolution satellite sensors, it is possible to separately map snow cover and glacier areas. From the satellite data we derive depletion curves of snow covered areas in six elevation zones and determine when the glacier ice becomes exposed. We compute melt depths based on experimental measurements with regard to snow and ice. With the use of the snowmelt runo model SRM-ETH, the following input components to runo were determined: seasonal snow cover, including new snow falling on the snow covered areas; new snow falling on the snow-free area; rain; and glacier-ice. In order to evaluate the eect of the re®ned snow and glacier mapping on detailed melt computations, we compute the runo resulting from i) the conventional runo simulation based on integral snow and glacier areas, and ii) and advanced simulation taking into account the individual contributions from snow cover and glacier melt. We achieve a signi®cant improvement of the accuracy of the runo simulation.

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