Distributed Control and Optimization of Networked Microgrids: A Multi-Agent System Based Approach

✍ Scribed by Lei Ding; Qing-Long Han; Boda Ning

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 169
• Series: Power Systems
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book presents new techniques and methods for distributed control and optimization of networked microgrids. Distributed consensus issues under network-based and event-triggered mechanisms are first addressed in a multi-agent system framework, which can explicitly characterize the relationship between communication resources and the control performance. Then, considering the effects of network uncertainties, multi-agent system-based distributed schemes are tailored to solve the fundamental issues of networked microgrids such as distributed frequency regulation, voltage regulation, active power sharing/load sharing, and energy management. The monograph will contribute to stimulating extensive interest of researchers in electrical and control fields.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Acronyms
1 Introduction
1.1 Microgrids
1.2 Hierarchical Control Structures
1.2.1 Primary Control
1.2.2 Secondary Control
1.2.3 Tertiary Control
1.3 Communication Constraints
1.3.1 Communication Delays
1.3.2 Event-Triggered Communication Schemes
1.3.3 Cyber Attacks
1.4 Book Outlines
References
2 Network-Based Consensus of Multi-agent Systems
2.1 Graph Theory
2.2 Problem Statement
2.3 Stability Analysis
2.4 Network-Based Consensus Controller Design
2.5 A Numerical Example
2.6 Concluding Remarks
2.7 Notes
References
3 Sampled-Data-Based Event-Triggered Consensus of Multi-agent Systems
3.1 Sampled-Data-Based Event-Triggered Communication Schemes
3.2 Consensus Analysis and Synthesis
3.2.1 Model Transformation
3.2.2 Stability Analysis and Controller Design
3.2.3 Co-design Algorithms
3.3 Simulations
3.4 Concluding Remarks
3.5 Notes
References
4 Distributed Event-Triggered Secondary Control for Islanded Microgrids
4.1 Problem Formulation
4.1.1 Primary Droop Control and Secondary Control
4.1.2 Active Power References
4.1.3 Control Objectives
4.2 Distributed Event-Triggered Secondary Control
4.2.1 Sampled-Data-Based Event-Triggered Communication Schemes
4.2.2 Distributed Event-Triggered Secondary Controllers
4.2.3 Convergence Analysis
4.2.4 Algorithm Implementation
4.3 Case Studies
4.3.1 Performance Evaluation
4.3.2 Robustness Against Load Changes
4.3.3 Plug-and-Play Ability
4.4 Concluding Remarks
4.5 Notes
References
5 Distributed Finite-Time Secondary Control for Islanded Microgrids
5.1 Problem Formulation
5.2 Distributed Finite-Time Secondary Controller Design
5.2.1 Frequency Restoration and Active Power Sharing
5.2.2 Voltage Regulation
5.3 Case Studies
5.3.1 Performance Evaluation
5.3.2 Robustness Against Load Changes
5.3.3 Plug-and-Play Capability
5.3.4 Two Different Sets of Communication Delays
5.4 Concluding Remarks
5.5 Notes
References
6 Distributed Resilient Finite-Time Secondary Control for Heterogeneous BESSs
6.1 Problem Formulation
6.1.1 Control Structures for BESSs
6.1.2 Operational Constraints
6.1.3 Control Objectives
6.2 Distributed Secondary Control Schemes Under DoS Attacks
6.2.1 DoS Attack Modeling
6.2.2 Distributed Resilient Finite-Time Secondary Controller
6.2.3 Stability Analysis
6.3 Case Studies
6.3.1 Performance Evaluation
6.3.2 Grid-Connected Modes
6.3.3 Comparison Results
6.4 Concluding Remarks
6.5 Notes
References
7 Distributed Optimal Control of DC Microgrids with Communication Delays
7.1 Problem Formulation
7.1.1 DC Micriogrid Models
7.1.2 Objectives
7.2 Global Optimization Schemes
7.3 Distributed Optimization Schemes
7.4 Distributed Control Schemes in the Presence of Communication Delays
7.5 Simulation Case Studies
7.5.1 A Modified 6-Bus DC Microgrid for a Trolleybus System
7.5.2 Optimality
7.5.3 The Impacts of Load Variations
7.5.4 Plug-and-Play Features
7.5.5 The Tradeoff Between Load Sharing and Voltage Regulation
7.5.6 The Effects of Communication Delays
7.6 Concluding Remarks
7.7 Notes
References
8 Distributed Energy Management for Smart Grids
8.1 Preliminaries and Problem Formulation
8.1.1 Notations and Preliminaries
8.1.2 Network Models
8.1.3 Social Welfare Maximization
8.2 Distributed Optimal Solutions
8.2.1 Distributed Algorithms
8.2.2 Convergence Analysis
8.3 Distributed Event-Triggered Control Algorithms
8.4 Simulation Case Studies
8.4.1 Case 1: Continuous Communication Schemes
8.4.2 Case 2: Event-Triggered Communication Schemes
8.5 Concluding Remarks
8.6 Notes
References
Index