Digital Coherent Optical Systems: Architecture and Algorithms (Optical Networks)

✍ Scribed by Darli Augusto de Arruda Mello, Fabio Aparecido Barbosa

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 238
• Series: Optical Networks
• Edition: 1st ed. 2021
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This textbook details the architecture of a digital coherent optical system and describes its main digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms. The authors first show how the combination of advanced modulation techniques, DSP and coherent detection has led to significant gains in capacity and ease of operation. The authors follow the path of the information from its generation in the transmitter, to propagation through the fiber and processing by the DSP algorithms in the receiver. The work summarizes academic results and presents them in a didactic way to students and practitioners working on the area of optical communications. A full suite of classroom materials is included for easy integration into a curriculum, containing theoretic and simulation problems, and off-the-shelf Matlab/Octave functions.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 The Invention of Digital Coherent Optical Systems
1.2 How Did We Get Here?
1.3 Digital Coherent Optical Systems in Modern Optical Networks
1.3.1 From Routers to Wavelengths
1.3.2 Wavelength Multiplexing and the Flexible Grid
1.3.3 Wavelength Routing
1.4 Problems
References
2 The Optical Transmitter
2.1 Principles of Digital Modulation
2.2 Lasers
2.3 Optical Modulation
2.3.1 Phase Modulator
2.3.2 Mach–Zehnder Modulator
2.3.3 In-Phase and Quadrature Modulator
2.3.4 Dual-Polarization Modulator
2.4 Problems
2.5 Matlab/Octave Functions
2.5.1 Functions for Sect. 2.1
2.5.2 Functions for Sect. 2.2
2.5.3 Functions for Sect. 2.3
References
3 The Optical Channel
3.1 Propagation Modes and Single-Mode Condition
3.2 Chromatic Dispersion
3.3 Polarization Effects
3.4 Attenuation
3.5 Optical Amplification
3.6 Nonlinear Interference
3.6.1 Effective Length and Effective Area
3.6.2 Inelastic Scattering
3.6.3 Kerr Effect
3.6.4 The Gaussian Noise Model
3.7 Problems
3.8 Matlab/Octave Functions
3.8.1 Functions for Section 3.2
3.8.2 Functions for Section 3.3
3.8.3 Functions for Section 3.5
References
4 The Receiver Front-End, Orthogonalization, and Deskew
4.1 The Receiver Front-end
4.2 Deskew
4.3 Orthogonalization
4.4 Problems
4.5 Matlab/Octave Functions
4.5.1 Functions for Sect.4.1
4.5.2 Functions for Sect.4.2
References
5 Equalization
5.1 Static Equalization
5.2 Adaptive Equalization
5.2.1 Fundamentals of Adaptive Equalization
5.2.2 Adaptive Equalization in Polarization-MultiplexedSystems
5.2.2.1 Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA)
5.2.2.2 Radius-Directed Equalization (RDE)
5.2.2.3 Decision-Directed Algorithm
5.3 Problems
5.4 Matlab/Octave Functions
5.4.1 Functions for Sect.5.1
5.4.2 Functions for Sect.5.2
5.4.3 Auxiliary Functions
References
6 Carrier Recovery
6.1 Frequency Recovery
6.2 Phase Recovery
6.2.1 The Phase Unwrapper
6.2.2 The Viterbi & Viterbi Algorithm
6.2.3 Decision-Directed Algorithm
6.2.4 The Blind Phase Search Algorithm
6.3 Cycle Slips and Differential Encoding
6.4 Problems
6.5 Matlab/Octave Functions
6.5.1 Functions for Sect. 6.1
6.5.2 Functions for Sect. 6.2
6.5.3 Functions for Sect. 6.3
6.5.4 Auxiliary Functions
References
7 Clock Recovery
7.1 Clock Recovery Architectures
7.2 Interpolator
7.3 Timing Error Detector
7.4 Loop Filter
7.5 Numerically Controlled Oscillator
7.6 Problems
7.7 Matlab/Octave Functions
7.7.1 Functions for Sect.7.1
References
8 Performance Evaluation
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Performance Evaluation with BERpre and the FEC Limit
8.3 Performance Evaluation with Information-Theoretic Approaches
8.3.1 Coded Modulation and AIRs
8.3.2 Mutual Information
8.3.3 Generalized Mutual Information
AIRs for Non-Binary CM Schemes with HD-SW Decoders
AIRs for Binary CM Schemes with SD-BW Decoders
AIRs for Binary CM Schemes with HD-BW Decoders
8.3.4 Normalized Generalized Mutual Information
8.4 Problems
8.5 Matlab/Octave Functions
8.5.1 Functions for Sect.8.3
References
Index