โ Scribed by A. Ekman; S. Liukkonen; K. Kontturi
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The phenomenological equations for diffusion and electric conduction have been compared in ionic and component forms. It is concluded that electric conduction and diffusion can he treated as two independent phenomena which are superimposed. The transformation between the ionic and component flows depends on the conventions used in defining transport numbers. The ionic forces become functions of the gradients of the electrolyte chemical potentials, transport numbers, the electric current and the conductivity. No ionic thermodynamic quantities are needed for the description of the transport phenomena. The phenomenological equations determine the concentration distributions only when the electric current is given. Instead of the exact phenomenological equations the Nernst-Plan& equations can be used for the approximate solution. This approximate solution is given for the system Hz0 + CaCl* + HNOe in the case of free diffusion with and without the electric current. The formation of a sharp moving boundary caused by the electric current is demonstrated.
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