Differential effects of naturally occurring and synthetic organoselenium compounds on biomarkers in androgen responsive and androgen independent human prostate carcinoma cells

✍ Scribed by John T. Pinto; Raghu Sinha; Kate Papp; Nicole D. Facompre; Dhimant Desai; Karam El-Bayoumy

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2007
• Tongue: French
• Weight: 439 KB
• Volume: 120
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0020-7136
• DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22500

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Epidemiological studies and clinical trials show that selenium supplementation results in reduction of prostate cancer incidence; however, the form of selenium and mechanisms underlying protection remain largely unknown. Toward this end, we compared the effects of naturally occurring selenomethionine (SM) and Se‐methylselenocysteine (MSC) and synthetic 1,4‐phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate (__p‐__XSC) and p‐xylylbis(methylselenide) __p‐__XMS) organoselenium compounds in androgen responsive (AR) LNCaP and its androgen independent clone (AI) LNCaP C4‐2 human prostate carcinoma cells on cell growth, secretion of prostate specific antigen (PSA), intracellular redox status and genomic profiles with emphasis on identifying redox sensitive genes. Both __p‐__XSC and __p‐__XMS reduced cell number and total protein concentration compared to control‐treated AR and AI cells, while SM and MSC exhibited no effect on growth of AR and AI cells. SM, __p‐__XSC and __p‐__XMS but not MSC inhibited levels of secreted PSA in AR cells. SM, MSC and __p‐__XMS increased glutathione (GSH) levels in AI LNCaP cells. By contrast, in both cell types, only __p‐__XSC significantly decreased GSH concentrations to <50% of control suggesting either an increase in intracellular oxidative stress or a change in GSH/GSSG ratio. On the basis of RT‐PCR analysis, SM and __p‐__XSC increased p53 gene expression by 2‐fold in AR cells but not in AI cells and only SM enhanced epidermal growth factor receptor in AR cells. Depending on the structure, organoselenium compounds exhibit differential effects on growth, PSA secretion, oxidative stress and selective gene responses in human prostate cancer cells and suggest the potential of developing novel organoselenium compounds as chemopreventive agents in models of human prostate cancer. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.