Preface
Contents
About the Authors
Organizations
1 ASBH
2 CIOMS
3 Council of Europe/CoE (See also Oviedo Convention)
4 EGE (See also International committees)
5 ESPMH
6 FAO
7 HUGO
8 IAB (See also SIBI)
9 IAEE
10 IBC
11 MSF
12 SIBI
13 UNESCO
14 WHO
15 WIPO
16 WMA
17 WTO
Documents
18 CBD
19 DoH
20 Doha Declaration
21 Earth Charter
22 Nuremberg Code
23 Oviedo Convention (See also Council of Europe)
24 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development
25 TRIPS
26 UDBHR
27 UDHGHR
28 UDHR
Persons
29 Bankowski
30 Hellegers
31 Jahr
32 Pardo
33 Pellegrino
34 Potter
Topics
35 Ableism
36 Abortion
37 Abuse, Child
38 Abuse, Concept
39 Abuse, Elder
40 Access to Healthcare
41 Access to Medication
42 Addiction (See Substance Abuse)
43 Adoption
44 Advance Care Planning (See Advance Directive)
45 Advance Directive (See Advance Care Planning; Living Will)
46 Advocacy
47 Aesthetic Medicine (See Cosmetic Surgery)
48 Ageism
49 Agricultural Ethics
50 AIDS (See HIV)
51 Alternative Medicine
52 Altruism (See Authenticity)
53 Animal Cloning (See Animal Ethics; Animal Research; Cloning)
54 Animal Ethics (See Animal Welfare; Animal Rights; Animal Research; Vegetarianism; Zoocentrism)
55 Animal Research (See Animal Ethics; Animal Welfare; Animal Cloning)
56 Animal Rights (See Animal Ethics; Animal Research; Animal Welfare; Vegetarianism; Zoocentrism)
57 Animal Welfare (See Animal Ethics; Animal Research; Animal Rights)
58 Anthropocentrism (See Biocentrism; Ecocentrism; Zoocentrism)
59 Anticommons (See Commons)
60 Applied Ethics
61 Artificial Insemination
62 Artificial Intelligence
63 Artificial Nutrition and Hydration
65 Assisted Reproductive Technology
66 Assisted Suicide
67 Authenticity (See Altruism)
68 Autonomy (See Respect for Autonomy)
69 Avian Flu
70 Behavioral Economics
71 Behavior Modification
72 Benefits and Harms
73 Benefit-Sharing
74 Big Data
75 Biobanking
76 Biocentrism (See Anthropocentrism; Ecocentrism; Environmental Ethics; Zoocentrism)
77 Biodiversity
78 Bioengineering
79 Bioethical Imperialism
80 Bioethics and Religion (See Religion and Bioethics)
81 Bioethics, Clinical
82 Bioethics, Education
83 Bioethics, Environmental (See Environmental Ethics)
84 Bioethics, Global
85 Bioethics, History
86 Bioethics, Medical
87 Bioinvasion (See Invasive Species)
88 Biolaw
89 Biological Weapons (See Biosecurity; Dual Use; Weapons)
90 Biometrics
91 Bionics
92 Biopiracy (See Bioprospecting)
93 Biopolitics
94 Bioprinting
95 Bioprospecting (See Biopiracy)
96 Biosafety (See Biosecurity)
97 Biosecurity (See Biosafety; Bioterrorism)
98 Biosphere
99 Biotechnology
100 Bioterrorism (See Biosecurity)
101 Birth Control (See Contraception; Fertility Control)
102 Brain Death (See Death)
103 Brain Drain (See Care Drain)
104 BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy)
105 Business Ethics
106 Capabilities
107 Capacity (See Capability; Capacity Building; Competence)
108 Capacity Building (See Capacity)
109 Capital Punishment (See Death Penalty)
110 Care Drain (See Brain Drain)
111 Care Ethics (See Chronic Illness and Care)
112 Casuistry
113 Censorship
114 Children and Ethics (See Pediatrics)
115 Children and Research (See Pediatrics)
116 Childrenโs Rights
117 Chimera (See Research Ethics, Interspecies)
118 Chronic Illness and Care (See Care Ethics)
119 Circumcision, Male
120 Citizenship, Biological
121 Citizenship, Ecological
122 Citizenship, General
123 Citizenship, Genetic
124 Civil Disobedience
125 Civil Society
126 Climate Change
127 Clinical Equipoise
128 Clinical Ethics, Committees
129 Clinical Ethics Consultation
130 Clinical Ethics, General
131 Clinical Ethics, Methods
132 Clinical Ethics, Professionalization
133 Clinical Ethics, Support
134 Clinical Ethics, Teaching (See Bioethics Education)
135 Clinical Research (See Research; Research Ethics)
136 Clinical Trials (See Research Ethics; Clinical Research)
137 Clone
138 Cloning, Animal (See Animal Cloning)
139 Cloning, Concept
140 Cloning, Food
141 Cloning, General
142 Cloning, Human
143 Codes of Conduct
144 Coercion
145 Cognitive Sciences
146 Commercialism
147 Committees, Clinical Ethics Committees
148 Committees, General
149 Committees, International Ethics Committees
150 Committees, National Ethics Committees
151 Committees, Research Ethics Committees (See Research Ethics; Research Ethics Committees)
152 Commodification
153 Common Good
154 Common Heritage of Humankind
155 Commons (See Common Heritage of Humankind)
156 Communication, Ethics
157 Communication, General
158 Communication, Media (See Media Ethics)
159 Communitarian Ethics (See Communitarianism)
160 Communitarianism
161 Community Consent
162 Compassion
163 Compassionate Use (See Pre-approval Access; Right to Try)
164 Competence
165 Compliance
166 Complicity
167 Confidentiality
168 Conflict of Interest
169 Conscientious Objection
170 Consensus
171 Consent, Informed Consent
172 Consequentialism (See Utilitarianism)
173 Consultation
174 Contraception
175 Corruption
176 Cosmetic Surgery (See Aesthetic Medicine)
177 Cosmopolitanism
178 CostโBenefit Analysis
179 Covid-19
180 CRISPR (See Genomic Editing; Gene Editing)
181 Contract Research Organizations
182 Cryogenics
183 Cultural Diversity
184 Cyborg
185 Data Sharing (See Research Ethics, Data Sharing; Virus Sharing)
186 Death, Concept
187 Death, Criteria (See Brain Death)
188 Death, General
189 Death Penalty
190 Declaration of Istanbul (See Trafficking; Organ Transplantation)
191 Deep Ecology (See Ecocentrism; Environmentalism)
192 Deliberation
193 Dementia
194 Demography
195 Dental Ethics
196 Deontology, Moral Theory
197 Deontology, Professional
198 Designer Babies
199 Development
200 Disability (See Ableism)
201 Disasters
202 Discourse Ethics
203 Discrimination
204 Disease Mongering
205 Disease
206 Diversity (See Biodiversity; Cultural Diversity)
207 Donation, Blood
208 Donation, Body (Corpse)
209 Donation, Embryo
210 Donation, Gametes
211 Donation, General
212 Donation, Organs
213 Donation, Tissues and Body Parts
214 Doping (See Sports)
215 Double Effect
216 Double Standards (See Standards of Care)
217 Drugs
218 Dual Use
219 Ebola
220 Ecocentrism (See Anthropocentrism; Biocentrism; Environmental Ethics; Zoocentrism)
221 Egalitarianism
222 Electronic Patient Records
223 Electronic Surveillance
224 Emergency Medicine (See Triage)
225 Emerging Infectious Diseases
226 Emerging Technologies
227 Empathy
228 Engineering Ethics
229 Enhancement
230 Environmental Ethics (See Ecocentrism)
231 Environmentalism (See Ecocentrism)
232 Epidemics (See Epidemiology)
233 Epidemiology
234 Epigenetics
235 Equality
236 Equity
237 Ethicists
238 Ethics
239 Eugenics
240 Euthanasia, Active
241 Euthanasia, Concept
242 Euthanasia, General
243 Euthanasia, History
244 Euthanasia, Passive
245 Evaluation Ethics
246 Evolutionary Ethics
247 Experimentation (See Research Ethics)
248 Exploitation
249 Fairness
250 Family Medicine
251 Family Planning (See Fertility Control)
252 FGC (Female Genital Cutting)
253 Feminist Ethics
254 Fertility Control (See Birth Control; Contraception)
255 Fertility Preservation
256 Fetal Research
257 Fetal Surgery
258 Food Ethics
259 Food Security (See Hunger; Food Ethics)
260 Forensic Medicine
261 Freedom, General
262 Freedom (of the Press)
526 Freedom (of Speech)
527 Freedom (of Treatment)
263 Futility
264 Future Generations
265 Gender
266 Gene Therapy
267 Gene Editing (See Genome Editing; CRISPR)
268 Generic Medication
269 Genetic Counseling
270 Genetic Determinism
271 Genetic Modification (GMOs), Animals
272 Genetic Modification (GMOs), Food
273 Genetic Modification (GMOs), General
274 Genetic Modification (GMOs), Human Beings
275 Genetic Modification (GMOs), Plants
276 Genetic Screening
277 Geneticization
278 Genome Editing (See Gene Editing; CRISPR)
279 Genomics
280 Ghostwriting
281 Global Compact
282 Global Fund
283 Global Justice (See Justice)
284 Globalization
285 Good Death (See Death, Concept)
286 Governance
287 Grassroots Activism
288 Harm (See Benefits and Harms)
289 Health Education and Promotion
290 Health Insurance
291 Health Policy
292 Health Tourism (See Medical Tourism)
293 Health, Concept
294 Health, Global
295 Health, Social Determinants Of
296 HIV (See AIDS)
297 Homelessness
298 Honor Codes
299 Hospice (See Palliative Care)
300 Human Dignity
301 Human Rights
302 Humanitarian Intervention
303 Hunger (See Food Security)
304 ICSI
305 In Vitro Fertilization (See Assisted Reproductive Technology)
306 Indigenous Ethical Perspectives
307 Indigenous Knowledge
308 Indigenous Rights
309 Infertility
310 Information Ethics
311 Information Technology
312 Informed Consent (See Consent)
313 Institutional Ethics (See Organizational Ethics)
314 Integrity Concept
315 Integrity, Personal
316 Integrity, Professional
317 Integrity, Research (See Research Ethics; Integrity)
318 Intensive Care
319 Interculturality
320 International Law
321 Internet
322 Invasive Species (See Bioinvasion)
323 Institutional Review Boards (See Research Ethics; Research Ethics Committees)
324 Journalism Ethics
325 Justice, Global
326 Justice, Intergenerational-Intragenerational
327 Justice, Theories
328 Law and Bioethics
329 Law and Morality
330 Leadership
331 Legal Ethics
332 Life Sciences
333 Life, Definitions
334 Life, Extension
335 Life, General
336 Life, Quality of (See Quality of Life; QALY)
337 Life, Sanctity of
338 Lifestyles
339 Literature
340 Living Will (See Advance Directive)
341 Malaria
342 Malpractice
343 Managed Care
344 Marginalization
345 Maximin Principle
346 Media Ethics (See Communication, Media)
347 Mediation
348 Medical Humanities
349 Medical Tourism (See Health Tourism)
350 Medicalization
351 Mental Health
352 Mental Illness
353 Mercy
354 Migration
355 Military Ethics (See War)
356 Minimalist Ethics
357 Mismanagement
358 Mistakes, Medical
359 Moral Distress
360 Moral Diversity (See Diversity)
361 Moral Entrepreneur
362 Moral Expertise
363 Moral Hazard
364 Moral Relativism
365 Moral Residue
366 Moral Status
367 Moral Theories (See Deontology; Moral Theory)
368 Moral Universalism
369 Multiculturalism
370 Nanoethics
371 Nanomedicine
372 Nanotechnology
373 Narrative Ethics
374 Natural Law
375 Nature versus Nurture
376 Neoliberalism (See Globalization)
377 Neonatology (See Pediatrics)
378 Neuroethics
379 Neurotechnology (See Neuroethics)
380 Non-governmental Organizations
381 Nursing Ethics
382 Occupational Safety
383 Occupational Therapy
384 Open Access
385 Organ Donation (See Donation, Organs)
386 Organ Trade (See Trafficking; Declaration of Istanbul)
388 Organizational Ethics (See Institutional Ethics)
389 Organoid
390 Outsourcing
391 Ownership (See Patenting; Property Rights)
392 Pain
393 Palliative Care (See Hospice; Palliative Sedation)
394 Palliative Sedation (See Palliative Care)
395 Pandemics
396 Patenting (See Ownership; Property Rights)
397 Paternalism
398 Patient Organizations
399 Patient Rights
400 Pediatrics (See Neonatology; Children and Ethics)
401 Persistent Vegetative State
402 Personalism
403 Personalized Medicine
404 Pharmacogenomics
405 Pharmacy Ethics
406 Placebo
407 Plagiarism
408 Pluralism
409 Pollution
410 Population Ethics
411 Poverty
412 Pre-approval Access (See Compassionate Use; Right to Try)
413 Precautionary Principle
414 Precision Medicine
415 Predictive Medicine
416 Prenatal Genetic Screening
417 Prevention
418 Principlism
419 Prisoners
421 Professional Ethics
422 Professionalism
423 Property Rights (See Ownership; Patenting)
424 Proportionality
426 Psychiatry Ethics
427 Psychosurgery
428 Public Health
429 Publication Ethics
430 Quality of Care
431 Quality of Life (See Life, Quality of; QALY)
432 QALY (See Quality of Life)
433 Refugees
434 Regenerative Medicine
435 Regulation (EU) on Clinical Trials
436 Rehabilitation
437 Religion and Bioethics (See Bioethics and Religion)
438 Reproductive Autonomy
439 Reproductive Ethics
440 Research (See Clinical Research; Research Ethics)
441 Research Ethics, Animal (See Animal Research)
442 Research Ethics, Clinical Research
443 Research Ethics, Data Sharing
444 Research Ethics, Embryo
445 Research Ethics, Integrity (See Integrity)
446 Research Ethics, Interspecies (See Chimera)
447 Research Ethics, Research Ethics Committees (See Institutional Review Boards)
448 Research Policy
449 Resource Allocation
450 Respect for Autonomy (See Autonomy)
451 Responsibility, Collective
452 Responsibility, Concept
453 Responsibility, Corporate
454 Responsibility, General
455 Responsibility, Individual
456 Responsibility, Social
457 Resuscitation (including DNR Orders)
458 Right to Die
459 Right to Health
460 Right to Try (See Compassionate Use; Pre-approval Access)
461 Risk
462 Robotics
463 Safety (See Biosafety)
464 SARS
465 Science Ethics
466 Scientific Misconduct
467 Sexual Ethics
468 Slippery Slope
469 Social Ethics
470 Social Media
471 Social Work
472 Solidarity
473 Spirituality
474 Sports (See Doping)
475 Standards of Care (See Double Standards)
476 Stem Cells, Adult
477 Stem Cells, Embryonic
478 Stem Cells, General
479 Stem Cells, Induced Pluripotent
480 Stewardship
481 Stigmatization
482 Strikes
483 Subsidiarity
484 Substance Abuse (See Addiction)
485 Suffering
486 Suicide
487 Surgery
488 Surrogate Decision-Making
489 Surrogate Motherhood
490 Sustainability
491 Synthetic Biology
492 Technology Assessment
493 Telecare
494 Testing, Genetic
495 Testing, Premarital
496 Torture
497 Traditional Medicine
499 Transhumanism (See Enhancement; Transplantation; Genetic Engineering)
500 Transplantation Medicine
501 Triage (See Emergency Medicine)
502 Trust
503 Truth Telling
504 Tuberculosis
505 Ubuntu Ethics
506 Utilitarianism (See Consequentialism)
507 Vaccination
508 Values
509 Vegetarianism (See Animal Ethics; Animal Welfare; Zoocentrism)
510 Veterinary Ethics
511 Violence
512 Virtue Ethics
513 Virus Sharing
514 Vivisection (See Animal Ethics; Animal Research)
515 Vulnerability
516 War (See Military Ethics)
517 Water
518 Weapons (See Biological Weapons)
519 Whistle-Blowing
520 Wrongful Birth
521 Wrongful Life
522 Xenograft
523 Xenotransplantation
524 Zika
525 Zoocentrism (See Animal Ethics; Anthropocentrism; Biocentrism; Ecocentrism)