Diagnostic Pathology: Molecular Oncology

✍ Scribed by Mohammad A Vasef MD, Aaron Auerbach MD MPH

• Publisher: Elsevier
• Year: 2019
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 1005
• Edition: 2
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Covering all aspects of molecular pathology as it relates to the transformation and pathogenesis of cancer, this award-winning volume in the Diagnostic Pathology series is an expert resource for pathologists at all levels of experience and training, both as a quick reference and as an efficient review to improve knowledge and skills. This easily accessible, point-of-care reference features templated, bulleted content that is generously illustrated with charts, graphs, tables, and color photomicrographs of histology with special stains. It offers a practical, clinical approach to examining how molecular mutations affect common medical diseases and identifies the relevant and appropriate molecular tests to perform for a complete work-up in the era of molecular-targeted therapies.

• Provides updated information on molecular mutations in different tumors, including solid tumors and hematopoietic neoplasms, and new targeted therapies geared toward these molecular alterations

• Discusses now widely used immunotherapy treatments, including how immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of many neoplasms such as breast and lung carcinomas and lymphoma

• Features more than 2,000 annotated images throughout, including H&E stains, immunostains, and FISH images

• Covers timely topics such as:

• • Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, specifically in the molecular basis of immunotherapy
  • Newly discovered targeted therapies, including multiple lung carcinoma therapies now considered for patients based on existing mutations to specific genes (KRAS, ALK, BRAF, and ROS)
  • The need for integration of myeloid and lymphoid gene panels due to increased knowledge from next generation sequencing studies of new mutations and the resulting newly developed molecular targets
  • Increased usage of next generation sequencing techniques
    • Changes to hematopoietic tumor details based on revised WHO guidelines
    • Recipient of a 2016 BMA Award: Highly Commended, Pathology (previous edition)
    • Enhanced eBook version included with purchase, which allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices

✦ Table of Contents

Front Cover
Diagnostic Pathology: Molecular Oncology
Copyright Page
Dedications
Contributing Authors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Sections
Table of Contents
SECTION 1:
Introduction
Chapter 1.
Structure of Chromosomes and Nucleic Acids
CHROMOSOME ORGANIZATION
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
2. DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation
DNA REPLICATION
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSLATION
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
3. Gene Mutations
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
TERMINOLOGY, DEFINITIONS, AND
CONCEPTS
NOMENCLATURE
SELECTED REFERENCES
SECTION 2:
Common Techniques for Analysis of
Alterations in Chromosomes and DNA
Chapter
4. Cytogenetics and FISH
CYTOGENETICS
FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
5. Chromosomal Microarray
TERMINOLOGY
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
CLINICAL INTERPRETATION
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
6. Amplification Methods
TERMINOLOGY
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
VARIANTS OF POLYMERASE CHAIN
REACTION
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
7. DNA High-Resolution Melting Curve Analysis
TERMINOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
PRINCIPLES
PRE-HRM SPECIMEN PREPARATIONS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
8. Sequencing Technologies
TERMINOLOGY
SEQUENCING TECHNIQUES
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
9. High-Throughput Methods in Molecular Pathology
TERMINOLOGY
NGS BIOINFORMATICS
COMPUTATIONAL HARDWARE
NGS DATA ANALYSIS
BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS
NGS BIOINFORMATICS
COMMONLY USED SOFTWARE FOR NGS
ANALYSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
10. DNA Methylation Analysis
TERMINOLOGY
METHODOLOGY
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
SECTION 3:
Molecular Genetic Tests in
Hematopoietic Tumors
Chapter
11. BCR-ABL1 Fusion Gene
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
METHODS OF DETECTION
DISEASE MONITORING IN CML AND PH(+) BALL
BCR-ABL1-RESISTANT MUTATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 12. PML-RARA Fusion Gene
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
METHODS OF DETECTION
DISEASE MONITORING IN ACUTE
PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 13. Reverse Transcription PCR for Other Myeloid Leukemia Transcripts
RUNX1-RUNX1T1
CBFB-MYH11
OTHERS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 14. FLT3, NPM1, and CEBPA Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
GENE FUNCTION
GENE MUTATIONS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING FOR FLT3, NPM1, AND CEBPA
MUTATIONS
PREDICTIVE TESTING SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 15. JAK2 Mutations and Rearrangements
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 16. MPL Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
MPL GENE FUNCTION
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 17. Calreticulin (CALR) Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
CALR GENE FUNCTION
CALR GENE MUTATIONS
TESTING METHODS FOR DETECTION
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 18. CSF3R Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 19. SETBP1 Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 20. KIT Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 21. IDH1 and IDH2 Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
NORMAL GENE FUNCTION
SOMATIC IDH1 AND IDH2 GENE MUTATIONS
METHODS OF DETECTION OF IDH1 AND IDH2
GENE MUTATIONS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF IDH1 AND IDH2
MUTATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 22. Other Mutations and Gene Panel Testing in Myeloid Neoplasms
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 23. Immunoglobulin Heavy (IGH) Chain Gene Rearrangements
TERMINOLOGY
IMMUNOGLOBULIN STRUCTURE
OVERVIEW OF B-CELL DEVELOPMENT
IGH GENE REARRANGEMENTS
CLONALITY TESTING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 24. T-Cell Receptor Gamma (TRG) and Delta (TRD) Chain Rearrangements
TERMINOLOGY
TCR STRUCTURE
TRG GENE REARRANGEMENTS
CLONALITY TESTING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 25. T-Cell Receptor Beta (TRB) Chain Gene Rearrangements
TERMINOLOGY
T-CELL DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW
TRB GENE REARRANGEMENTS
CLONALITY TESTING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 26. Southern Blot Analysis of Antigen Receptor Genes
TERMINOLOGY
STEPS IN SB ANALYSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 27. EBV-Associated Human Neoplasms
TERMINOLOGY
EBV STRUCTURE AND GENOME
BIOLOGY OF EBV INFECTION
EBV-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOMAS
EBV(+) NONLYMPHOID NEOPLASMS
DETECTION OF EBV BY MOLECULAR
TECHNIQUES
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 28. MYD88 Mutation
TERMINOLOGY
MOLECULAR FEATURES
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING FOR MYD88 L265P MUTATION
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 29. NOTCH1 Mutation
TERMINOLOGY
NOTCH1 GENE FUNCTIONS
NOTCH1 GENE MUTATIONS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 30. EZH2 Mutation
TERMINOLOGY
NORMAL EZH2 GENE FUNCTION
SOMATIC EZH2 GENE MUTATIONS
EPIDEMIOLOGY
METHOD OF DETECTION
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
SECTION 4:
Molecular Genetic Tests in Solid Tumors, Bone
and Soft Tissue Tumors, and CNS Tumors
Chapter 31. ALK Gene Rearrangements and Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
MOLECULAR FEATURES
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING FOR ALK GENE ALTERATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
32. ROS1 Rearrangements
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
33. RET Rearrangements
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
34. FISH for MET Amplifications
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING FOR MET AMPLIFICATION
PREDICTIVE CANCER TESTING SUMMARY
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
35. FISH for ERBB2 (HER2) Gene Amplifications
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
PREDICTIVE CANCER TESTING SUMMARY
FISH METHOD FOR ERBB2 (HER2) GENE
AMPLIFICATION
QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR FOR
EVALUATION OF ERBB2 GENE STATUS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
36. KRAS Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
MOLECULAR FEATURES
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
DETECTION OF KRAS GENE MUTATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
37. BRAF Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF BRAF
PROTEIN
BRAF GENE ALTERATIONS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
DETECTION TECHNIQUES
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
38. EGFR Mutations
TERMINOLOGY
FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE OF EGFR
EGFR GENE ALTERATIONS
DETECTION OF EGFR GENE ALTERATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
39. Targeted Hotspot Gene Panel Using Massively Parallel Sequencing (Next-Generation Sequencing)
TERMINOLOGY
BASIC ASPECTS OF HOTSPOT PANELS
HOTSPOT GENES
TECHNICAL AND INTERPRETIVE
CHALLENGES
LIMITS OF HOTSPOT APPROACH
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
40. Targeted Hotspot Gene Panel Table
Chapter
41. MGMT Promoter Gene Methylation Assay
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING METHODS
SELECTED REFERENCES
SECTION 5:
Molecular Pathology of Myeloid Neoplasms
Chapter
42. Molecular Work-Up of Myeloid Neoplasms
MOLECULAR/GENETIC TECHNIQUES
COMMONLY USED
PURPOSES OF MOLECULAR ANALYSIS IN
MYELOID NEOPLASMS
LIMITATIONS OF TECHNIQUES
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Chapter 43. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 44. Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 45. Polycythemia Vera
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 46. Primary Myelofibrosis
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 47. Essential Thrombocythemia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 48. Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia, NOS
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 49. Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Unclassifiable
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
REPORTING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Mastocytosis
Chapter 50.. Mastocytosis
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms With
Eosinophilia and Gene Rearrangement
Chapter 51. Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms With Eosinophilia and Gene Rearrangement
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
TESTING FOR PDGFRA, PDGFRB, FGFR1 AND
PCM1-JAK2
DETECTION OF PDGFRA REARRANGEMENT
DETECTION OF PDGFRB REARRANGEMENT
DETECTION OF FGFR1 REARRANGEMENT
DETECTION OF PCM1-JAK2
ADDITIONAL TESTING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
Chapter 52. Overview and Classification of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 53. Myelodysplastic Syndromes With Single-Lineage Dysplasia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 54. Myelodysplastic Syndrome With Ring Sideroblasts
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 55. Myelodysplastic Syndrome With Multilineage Dysplasia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 56. Myelodysplastic Syndrome With Isolated del(5q)
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 57. Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 58. Childhood Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Chapter 59. Overview of Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
EPIDEMIOLOGY
MICROSCOPIC
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 60. Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 61. Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 62. Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 63. Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Unclassifiable
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Chapter 64. Overview of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 65. Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(8;21); RUNX1-RUNX1T1
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 66. Acute Myeloid Leukemia With inv(16) or t(16;16); CBFB-MYH11
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 67. Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia With t(15;17); PML-RARA
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 68. Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(9;11); MLLT3-KMT2A
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 69. Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(6:9); DEK-NUP214
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 70. Acute Myeloid Leukemia With inv(3) or t(3;3); GATA2, MECOM
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 71. Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Megakaryoblastic) With t(1;22); RBM15-MRTFA
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 72. Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Myelodysplasia-Related Changes
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 73. Acute Myeloid Leukemia, NOS
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 74. Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 75. Myeloid Sarcoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 76. Myeloid Proliferations Associated With Down Syndrome
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm
Chapter 77. Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
SECTION 6:
Molecular Pathology of Lymphoid Neoplasms
Chapter 78. Overview of Lymphoid Neoplasms
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 79. Molecular Work-Up of Lymphoid Neoplasms
MOLECULAR/GENETIC TECHNIQUES
COMMONLY USED
PURPOSES OF MOLECULAR ANALYSIS
LIMITATIONS OF TECHNIQUES
UTILITY OF TESTING METHODS FOR KEY
LYMPHOID NEOPLASMS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Determination of Clonality In B-, T-, and
NK-Cell Neoplasms
Chapter 80. Lymphoma-Associated Chromosomal Translocations
TERMINOLOGY
T(11;14)(Q13;Q32); CCND1-IGH
T(14;18)(Q32;Q21); IGH-BCL2
BCL6 REARRANGEMENTS
MYC REARRANGEMENTS
IRF4 REARRANGEMENTS
T(11;18)(Q22;Q21); BIRC3-MALT1
T(9;14)(P13;Q32); PAX5-IGH
T(2;5)(P23;Q35); ALK-NPM1
DUSP22 REARRANGEMENTS
TP63 REARRANGEMENTS
TRA REARRANGEMENTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Precursor Lymphoid Neoplasms
Chapter 81. B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma With Recurrent Genetic Abnormalities
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 82. B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, BCR-ABL1-Like (Ph-Like ALL)
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MICROSCOPIC
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 83. T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Mature B-Cell Neoplasms
Chapter 84. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma/Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 85. B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 86. Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 87. Hairy Cell Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 88. Splenic B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia, Unclassifiable
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 89. Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 90. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 91. Plasma Cell Myeloma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 92. Follicular Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 93. Mantle Cell Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 94. Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 95. Burkitt Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Mature T- and NK-Cell Neoplasms
Chapter 96. T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 97. Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorder of NK Cells
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 98. Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 99. Extranodal NK-/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 100. Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 101. Intestinal T-Cell Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 102. Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 103. Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 104. Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 105. Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 106. Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, NOS
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 107. Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 108. Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK Negative
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 109. Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK Positive
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
SECTION 7:
Molecular Pathology of Dendritic Cell
and Histiocytic Neoplasms
Chapter 110. Histiocytic Sarcoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
111. Tumors Derived From Langerhans Cells
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
112. Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Tumor
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
113. Follicular Dendritic Cell Neoplasm
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
SECTION 8:
Molecular Pathology of Solid Tumors
Head and Neck, Including Sinonasal
Tumors and Salivary Glands
Chapter
114. HPV-Associated Head and Neck Carcinomas
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 115. Head and Neck Mucosal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Non-HPV Related
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 116. Important Alterations in Non-HPV-Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Chapter 117. Translocation-Specific Salivary Gland Tumors 1
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 118. Translocation-Specific Salivary Gland Tumors 2
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 119. Nasopharyngeal EBV-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 120. Other Head and Neck Tumors
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Thyroid
Chapter 121. Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 122. Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 123. Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 124. Undifferentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 125. Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Lung
Chapter 126. Adenocarcinoma, Lung
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 127. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Lung
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
GRADING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 128. Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 129. Mesothelioma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Luminal Gastrointestinal Tract
Chapter 130. Gastric Adenocarcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 131. Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Precancerous Lesions
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 132. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Liver
Chapter 133. HNF1α-Inactivated Hepatocellular Adenoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 134. β-Catenin-Activated Hepatocellular Adenoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 135. Inflammatory Hepatocellular Adenoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 136. Hepatocellular Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Pancreaticobiliary
Chapter 137. Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 138. Pancreatic Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 139. Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 140. Cholangiocarcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Testis
Chapter 141. Testicular Germ Cell Tumors
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
TESTICULAR GERM CELL TUMORS IN
PREPUBERTAL BOYS
TESTICULAR GERM CELL TUMORS IN
POSTPUBERTAL MALES
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
MICROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Kidney
Chapter 142. Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 143. Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 144. Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 145. MiT Family Translocation Renal Cell Carcinomas
TERMINOLOGY
TRANSLOCATION-ASSOCIATED RCC GROUPS
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
MACROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY
MICROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 146. Wilms Tumor
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 147. Clear Cell Sarcoma of Kidney
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 148. Oncocytoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 149. Rhabdoid Tumor of Kidney
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Bladder
Chapter 150. Urothelial Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Adrenal
Chapter 151. Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 152. Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
STAGING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 153. Neuroblastoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 154. Adrenal Cortical Adenoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Prostate
Chapter 155. Prostatic Adenocarcinoma, Acinar Type and High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Breast
Chapter 156. ADH and DCIS (Dysplastic, Premalignant)
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 157. Ductal Carcinomas
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 158. Lobular Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 159. Carcinoma With Medullary Features, Breast
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 160. Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 161. Phyllodes Tumors
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 162. Basal-Like and Triple-Negative Carcinomas
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Cervix/Vulva/Vagina
Chapter 163. Preneoplastic Conditions, Cervix/Vulva/Vagina
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 164. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Cervix/Vulva/Vagina
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 165. Adenocarcinoma, Cervix/Vulva/Vagina
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Uterus
Chapter 166. Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 167. Uterine Endometrioid Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 168. Uterine Serous Carcinoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 169. Clear Cell Carcinoma, Uterus
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 170. Uterine Sarcomas
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Ovaries/Fallopian Tube
Chapter 171. Serous Tumors of Ovary and Fallopian Tube
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 172. Other Surface Epithelial Tumors of Ovary
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 173. Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors of Ovary
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 174. Germ Cell Tumor, Ovary
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Skin
Chapter 175. Preneoplastic Conditions, Skin
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 176. Melanoma
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 177. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Skin
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 178. Basal Cell Carcinoma, Skin
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 179. Other Skin Conditions
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
SELECTED REFERENCES
Bone
Chapter 180. Overview of Molecular Pathology of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MACROSCOPIC
DIAGNOSTIC STEPS
MOLECULAR GENETICS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 181. Osteosarcomas
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY STUDIES
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 182. Ewing Sarcoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 183. Other Small Round Blue Cell Sarcomas
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MICROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR GENETICS
ANCILLARY STUDIES
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 184. Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 185. Intermediate and Malignant Cartilaginous Tumors of Bone
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MICROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Soft Tissue
Chapter 186. Intermediate and Malignant Myofibroblastic/Fibroblastic Tumors
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 187. Liposarcomas
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
GENETIC FINDINGS
MICROSCOPIC
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGIC INTERPRETATION PEARLS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 188. Muscle Sarcomas
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MICROSCOPIC
GENETIC FINDINGS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 189. Intermediate and Malignant Vascular Tumors
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
MICROSCOPIC
GENETIC FINDINGS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 190. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 191. Representative Genetic Findings in Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors
Sarcomas of Uncertain
Differentiation
Chapter 192. Rare Sarcomas of Uncertain Differentiation With Specific Molecular Alterations
TERMINOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
MICROSCOPIC
SELECTED REFERENCES
CNS
Chapter 193. High-Grade Astrocytoma
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 194. Low-Grade Astrocytoma
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 195. Pilocytic Astrocytoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 196. Oligodendroglioma
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MACROSCOPIC
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 197. Ependymoma
TERMINOLOGY
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 198. Medulloblastoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 199. Choroid Plexus Tumors
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 200. Meningioma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
ANCILLARY TESTS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
GRADING
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter 201. Retinoblastoma
TERMINOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
IMAGING
MOLECULAR
MICROSCOPIC
SELECTED REFERENCES
SECTION 9:
Quality Assurance and Regulatory Issues
Chapter
202. Federal Agencies and Regulation of Laboratories
TERMINOLOGY
CMS
FDA
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
203. FDA Regulations
TERMINOLOGY
FDA REGULATION OF IVDS
REGULATIONS OF LTDS
SELECTED REFERENCES
Chapter
204. Proficiency Testing and Accreditation
TERMINOLOGY
FEDERAL REGULATIONS
ACCREDITATION
CAP ACCREDITATION
PROFICIENCY TESTING
SELECTED REFERENCES
INDEX